Yıl 2017,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 109 - 120, 31.01.2017
Öz
Besides, there are many social, psychological and economic factors, or in other words, internal and external
factors, affecting labor force and employment; it could be observed that people who have similar human capital
accumulation work for different jobs under different titles or they work with different salary levels and in diffe-
rent labor force markets (primary and secondary labor force markets). As above stated, many variables could be
attributed to this differentiation, however, in this study, the effect of self-confidence and self-efficacy of people
in the labor force on their status in the labor force market and their entrance to the labor force is analyzed with
a literature research.
According to the research results, high level of self-efficacy causes an increase in both job performance and
productivity and it eliminates negative thoughts including worry and stress, sometimes occurred in working
life. Additionally, people who have higher levels of self-confidence have low levels of anxiety, higher level of
satisfaction from business and their daily lives, ability to deal with managerial stress more successfully, have
greater advantage on business and being recruited for a job.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Self Confidence Self Efficacy Employment Unemployment Labour
Kaynakça
- Asoni, A. (2011). Intelligence, self-confidence and entrepreneurship, Research Institute Of Industrial Economics (IFN) Working paper no. 887, October 22.
- Bandura, A. (1994). Self-Efficacy, In Ramachaudran (Ed.), The Encyclopedia Of Human Behavior (pp. 71-81), Volume: 4, R-Z and Index, New York: Academic Press.
- BANDURA, A. (1995). Self efficacy in changing societies, NY: Cambridge University Press.
- BANDURA, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- Bénabou, R. & Tirole, J. (2002). Self-confidence and personal motivation, The Quarterly Journal Of Economics, 117: (3), 871-915.
- Bradley, D. E. & Roberts J. A. (2004). Self-employment and job satisfaction: investigating the role of self-efficacy, depression, and Seniority, Journal Of Small Business Management, 42(1), 37–58.
- Chen, G., Gully, S. M. & Eden, D. (2001). Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale, Organizational Research Methods, 4, 62.
- Cheng, H. & Furnham A. (2002). Personality, peer relations, and self-confidence as predictors of happiness and loneliness, Journal Of Adolescence, 25, 327–339.
- Cherian, J. & Jacob J. (2013). Impact of self efficacy on motivation and performance of employees, International Journal Of Business And Management; 8: 14, 80-88.
- Creed, P. A. , Bloxsome T. D. & Johnston K. (2015). Self-esteem and self-effıcacy outcomes for unemployed ındividuals attending occupational skills training programs,http://www98.griffith.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/handle/10072/4013/1?sequence=1 (Erişim Tarihi: 2015).
- Çubukcu, Z., ve Girmen, P. (2007). Öğretmen adaylarının sosyal öz- yeterlilik algılarının belirlenmesi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Haziran, 8: 1, 1-18.
- De Cremer, D., Van Knippenberg, D. (2004). Leader self-sacrifice and leadership effectiveness: the moderating role of leader self-confidence, Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 95, 140–155.
- Demirdağ, S. (2015). Assessing teacher self-efficacy and job satisfaction: middle school teachers, Journal Of Educational And Instructional Studies In The World, August, 5:3, 35-43.
- Ferris, D. L., Lian, H., Brown, D. J., Pang, F. X. J. & Keeping, L. M.
- (2010). Self-esteem and job performance: the moderating role of self-esteem contingencies, Personnel Psychology, 63, 561–593.
- Filippin, A. & Paccagnellac, M. (2012). Family background, self-confidence and economic outcomes, Economics of Education Review, 31, 824– 834.
- Hergenrather, K. C., Rhodes, S. D., Turner, A. P. & Barlow, J.H. (2008). Persons with disabilities and employment: application of the self-efficacy of job-seeking skills scale, Journal of Rehabilitation, 74: (3), 34-44.
- http://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Pajares/AbilityCapability.html
- Ireland, R.D., Hitt, M. A. & Williams, J.C. (1992). Self-confidence and decisiveness: prerequisites for effective management in the 1990s, Business Horizons, 35: 1, January–February, 36-43.
- Iroegbu, M. N. (2015). Self efficacy and work performance: a theoretical framework of albert bandura's model, review of findings, ımplications and directions for future research, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 4(4), 170-173.
- James, K. & Nightingale, C. (2005). Self-esteem, confidence and adult learning, Briefing Sheet: Part of a series of NIACE Briefing Sheets On Mental Health, National Institute of Adult Continuing Education.
- Keller, T. (2011). lntra-generational social class mobility in hungary between 1992 and 2007—the role of self-confidence, Polish Sociological Review, 175, 373-392.
- Lai, M.-C. & Chen, Y.-C. (2012). Self-efficacy, effort, job performance, job satisfaction, and turnover ıntention: the effect of personal characteristics on organization performance , International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 3: 4, August, 387- 391.
- Lee, C. (1984). Efficacy expectations and outcome expectations as predictors of performance in a snake-handling task, Cognitive Therapy and Research, October, 8:5, 509-516.
- Maddux, J. E. , Sherer, M. & Rogers, R.W. (1982). Self-efficacy expectancy and outcome expectancy: their relationship and their effects on behavioral ıntentions, Cognitive Therapy and Research, June, 6:2, 207-211.
- Mobius, M. M., Niederle, M., Niehaus, P. & Rosenblat, T. S. (2011). Managing self-confidence: theory and experimental evidence, NBER Working Paper Series, Working Paper: 17014, National Bureau Of Economic Research, May.
- OECD. (2015). The ABC of gender equality in education: aptitude, behaviour, confidence, PISA, OECD Publishing.
- Özdemir, S. M. (2008). Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının öğretim sürecine ilişkin öz yeterlik inançlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi, Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, Bahar, 54, 277-306.
- Pierce, J. L. & Gardner, D. G. (2004). Self-esteem within the work and organizational context: a review of the organization-based self-esteem literature, Journal of Management, 30(5), 591–622.
- Pinquart, M., Juang, L. P. & Silbereisen, R. K. (2003). Self-efficacy and successful school-to-work transition: a longitudinal study, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63, 329–346.
- Randhawa, G. (2004). Self-efficacy and work performance: an empirical study, Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 39: 3, Jan., 336-34.
- Santiago, A. M. & Einarson, M. K. (1998). Background characteristics as predictors of academic selfconfidence and academic self-efficacy among graduate science and engineering students, Research in Higher Education, 39:2, 163- 198.
- Saragih, S. (2011). The effects of job autonomy on work outcomes: self efficacy as an ıntervening variable, International Research Journal of Business Studies, IV: 03, 203 – 215.
- Stajkovic, A. D. & Luthans, F. (2003). Social Cognitive Theory and Self Efficacy: Implications for Motivation Theory and Practice, In Richard M. Steers Lyman W. Porter, Gregory A. Bigley (Authors), Motivation and Work Behavior , Part One: Initial Considerations, Chapter 2: Conceptual Approaches to Motivation at Work (pp. 126- 140), McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.; 1 Jan., 7th International student edition edition.
- Van Dijk, M. (2009). Employee self-efficacy and job stress during organizational change: the mediating effect of risk perception. Master Educational Science and Technology, Track Human Resource Develoment, Faculty of Behavioral sciences, University of Twente, Utrecht, September.
- Verry, B. (2015). Self-esteem and employment: a workshop delivered by employment projects for women inc, (Designed by: Angela Tessier), (Erişim Tarihi: 02.02.2015),http://en.copian.ca/library/learning/esteem/esteem.pdf
- Whiston, S. C. (1993). Self-efficacy of women in traditional and nontraditional occupations: differences in working with people and things, Journal of Career Development, 19: 3, 175-186.
- Williams, D. M. (2010). Outcome expectancy and self-efficacy: theoretical ımplications of an unresolved contradiction, Personality and Social Psychology Review , 14: (4), 417-425.
- Yakın, M. ve Erdil, O. (2012). Relationships between self-efficacy and work engagement and the effects on job satisfaction: a survey on certified public accountants, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 370 – 378.
- Zuckerman, D. M. (1985). Confidence and aspirations: self-esteem and self-concepts as predictors of students' life goals, Journal of Personality, 53: 4, December, 543-560
Yıl 2017,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 109 - 120, 31.01.2017
Öz
İşgücü ve istihdama
etki eden pek çok sosyal, ruhsal, ekonomik faktörler ya da bir başka bakış
açısıyla içsel ya da dışsal faktörler olmakla birlikte benzer beşeri sermaye
birikimine sahip kişilerin farklı işlere ve farklı statülere sahip olduğu veya
farklı ücret düzeylerinde ve farklı işgücü piyasası türlerinde (birincil ve
ikincil işgücü piyasaları) çalıştıkları görülmektedir. Bu farklılığın sebebi
olabilecek biraz öncede belirtilen pek çok değişken olabilmekle birlikte bu
çalışmada işgücü piyasasında emeğini ortaya koyan kişilerin özgüvenlerinin ve
öz yeterliliklerinin işgücü piyasasındaki konumlarını ya da işgücü piyasasına
girişlerini ne şekilde etkilediği yapılan literatür araştırması ile ortaya
konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Çalışma sonucunda yüksek
öz yeterliliğin hem iş performansında ve verimlilikte artışa sebep olduğu hem
de çalışma hayatında zaman zaman ortaya çıkan kaygı ve stres gibi olumsuz
düşünceleri engellediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca yüksek özgüven sahibi kişilerin
düşük anksiyete düzeyleri, daha yüksek iş ve genel hayattan tatmin, yönetimsel
stresle daha iyi baş edebilme ve iş hayatlarında ve istihdam edilmelerinde
büyük bir avantaj sağladıkları gibi çıkarımlara varılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Asoni, A. (2011). Intelligence, self-confidence and entrepreneurship, Research Institute Of Industrial Economics (IFN) Working paper no. 887, October 22.
- Bandura, A. (1994). Self-Efficacy, In Ramachaudran (Ed.), The Encyclopedia Of Human Behavior (pp. 71-81), Volume: 4, R-Z and Index, New York: Academic Press.
- BANDURA, A. (1995). Self efficacy in changing societies, NY: Cambridge University Press.
- BANDURA, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- Bénabou, R. & Tirole, J. (2002). Self-confidence and personal motivation, The Quarterly Journal Of Economics, 117: (3), 871-915.
- Bradley, D. E. & Roberts J. A. (2004). Self-employment and job satisfaction: investigating the role of self-efficacy, depression, and Seniority, Journal Of Small Business Management, 42(1), 37–58.
- Chen, G., Gully, S. M. & Eden, D. (2001). Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale, Organizational Research Methods, 4, 62.
- Cheng, H. & Furnham A. (2002). Personality, peer relations, and self-confidence as predictors of happiness and loneliness, Journal Of Adolescence, 25, 327–339.
- Cherian, J. & Jacob J. (2013). Impact of self efficacy on motivation and performance of employees, International Journal Of Business And Management; 8: 14, 80-88.
- Creed, P. A. , Bloxsome T. D. & Johnston K. (2015). Self-esteem and self-effıcacy outcomes for unemployed ındividuals attending occupational skills training programs,http://www98.griffith.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/handle/10072/4013/1?sequence=1 (Erişim Tarihi: 2015).
- Çubukcu, Z., ve Girmen, P. (2007). Öğretmen adaylarının sosyal öz- yeterlilik algılarının belirlenmesi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Haziran, 8: 1, 1-18.
- De Cremer, D., Van Knippenberg, D. (2004). Leader self-sacrifice and leadership effectiveness: the moderating role of leader self-confidence, Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 95, 140–155.
- Demirdağ, S. (2015). Assessing teacher self-efficacy and job satisfaction: middle school teachers, Journal Of Educational And Instructional Studies In The World, August, 5:3, 35-43.
- Ferris, D. L., Lian, H., Brown, D. J., Pang, F. X. J. & Keeping, L. M.
- (2010). Self-esteem and job performance: the moderating role of self-esteem contingencies, Personnel Psychology, 63, 561–593.
- Filippin, A. & Paccagnellac, M. (2012). Family background, self-confidence and economic outcomes, Economics of Education Review, 31, 824– 834.
- Hergenrather, K. C., Rhodes, S. D., Turner, A. P. & Barlow, J.H. (2008). Persons with disabilities and employment: application of the self-efficacy of job-seeking skills scale, Journal of Rehabilitation, 74: (3), 34-44.
- http://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Pajares/AbilityCapability.html
- Ireland, R.D., Hitt, M. A. & Williams, J.C. (1992). Self-confidence and decisiveness: prerequisites for effective management in the 1990s, Business Horizons, 35: 1, January–February, 36-43.
- Iroegbu, M. N. (2015). Self efficacy and work performance: a theoretical framework of albert bandura's model, review of findings, ımplications and directions for future research, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 4(4), 170-173.
- James, K. & Nightingale, C. (2005). Self-esteem, confidence and adult learning, Briefing Sheet: Part of a series of NIACE Briefing Sheets On Mental Health, National Institute of Adult Continuing Education.
- Keller, T. (2011). lntra-generational social class mobility in hungary between 1992 and 2007—the role of self-confidence, Polish Sociological Review, 175, 373-392.
- Lai, M.-C. & Chen, Y.-C. (2012). Self-efficacy, effort, job performance, job satisfaction, and turnover ıntention: the effect of personal characteristics on organization performance , International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 3: 4, August, 387- 391.
- Lee, C. (1984). Efficacy expectations and outcome expectations as predictors of performance in a snake-handling task, Cognitive Therapy and Research, October, 8:5, 509-516.
- Maddux, J. E. , Sherer, M. & Rogers, R.W. (1982). Self-efficacy expectancy and outcome expectancy: their relationship and their effects on behavioral ıntentions, Cognitive Therapy and Research, June, 6:2, 207-211.
- Mobius, M. M., Niederle, M., Niehaus, P. & Rosenblat, T. S. (2011). Managing self-confidence: theory and experimental evidence, NBER Working Paper Series, Working Paper: 17014, National Bureau Of Economic Research, May.
- OECD. (2015). The ABC of gender equality in education: aptitude, behaviour, confidence, PISA, OECD Publishing.
- Özdemir, S. M. (2008). Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının öğretim sürecine ilişkin öz yeterlik inançlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi, Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, Bahar, 54, 277-306.
- Pierce, J. L. & Gardner, D. G. (2004). Self-esteem within the work and organizational context: a review of the organization-based self-esteem literature, Journal of Management, 30(5), 591–622.
- Pinquart, M., Juang, L. P. & Silbereisen, R. K. (2003). Self-efficacy and successful school-to-work transition: a longitudinal study, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63, 329–346.
- Randhawa, G. (2004). Self-efficacy and work performance: an empirical study, Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 39: 3, Jan., 336-34.
- Santiago, A. M. & Einarson, M. K. (1998). Background characteristics as predictors of academic selfconfidence and academic self-efficacy among graduate science and engineering students, Research in Higher Education, 39:2, 163- 198.
- Saragih, S. (2011). The effects of job autonomy on work outcomes: self efficacy as an ıntervening variable, International Research Journal of Business Studies, IV: 03, 203 – 215.
- Stajkovic, A. D. & Luthans, F. (2003). Social Cognitive Theory and Self Efficacy: Implications for Motivation Theory and Practice, In Richard M. Steers Lyman W. Porter, Gregory A. Bigley (Authors), Motivation and Work Behavior , Part One: Initial Considerations, Chapter 2: Conceptual Approaches to Motivation at Work (pp. 126- 140), McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.; 1 Jan., 7th International student edition edition.
- Van Dijk, M. (2009). Employee self-efficacy and job stress during organizational change: the mediating effect of risk perception. Master Educational Science and Technology, Track Human Resource Develoment, Faculty of Behavioral sciences, University of Twente, Utrecht, September.
- Verry, B. (2015). Self-esteem and employment: a workshop delivered by employment projects for women inc, (Designed by: Angela Tessier), (Erişim Tarihi: 02.02.2015),http://en.copian.ca/library/learning/esteem/esteem.pdf
- Whiston, S. C. (1993). Self-efficacy of women in traditional and nontraditional occupations: differences in working with people and things, Journal of Career Development, 19: 3, 175-186.
- Williams, D. M. (2010). Outcome expectancy and self-efficacy: theoretical ımplications of an unresolved contradiction, Personality and Social Psychology Review , 14: (4), 417-425.
- Yakın, M. ve Erdil, O. (2012). Relationships between self-efficacy and work engagement and the effects on job satisfaction: a survey on certified public accountants, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 370 – 378.
- Zuckerman, D. M. (1985). Confidence and aspirations: self-esteem and self-concepts as predictors of students' life goals, Journal of Personality, 53: 4, December, 543-560
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Konular | İşletme |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Derleme Makale |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ocak 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1 |
