The Role of Urban Experiences for Development of University Students’ Urban Satisfaction and Attachment Emotions
Öz
This study was conducted to investigate the relationships between university students’ experiences for the urban they study and
urban satisfaction, urban attachment and positive word of mouth communication (WOM) behaviors developing as a result of
these emotions. In the research utilized the quantitative approach, data was collected by means of a questionnaire created using
scales for the purpose from 861 students studying at the Aksaray University through convenience sampling method. The data
were analyzed by SPSS statistical software program through the descriptive statistics, factor analysis, the correlation analysis
(Pearson) and standard multiple regression test. It was determined the university students’ urban experience can be addressed in
six dimensions; the residents’ negative viewpoint experiences, the experiences of urban’s physical environment situations, the
accommodation experiences in urban, the social life experiences in urban, transportation experiences and the experiences of
urban's negative economic conditions. Results pointed out the presence of statistically relatively moderate level relationships
between these experiences and urban satisfaction, attachment, WOM behaviours. Also in the research, it was found that varied
of these experiences depending on some personal characteristics; and the most important urban experiences are the experience of
urban’s physical environment situation, the social life experiences and the experiences of residents’ negative viewpoints for the
urban satisfaction, attachment and positive WOM behavior.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Urban Experiences Urban Satisfaction Urban Attachment WOM Behavior University Students.
Kaynakça
- Abubakar, B., Shanka, T. & Nkombo Muuka, G. (2010). Tertiary education: An investigation of location selection criteria and preferences by international students–the case of two Australian universities. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 20 (1), 49-68. Sayfa | 150 AKSARAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ İİBF DERGİSİ, Aralık, 2016, Cilt 8, Sayı 4 Akçakanat, T., Çarıkçı, İ. & Dulupçu, M. A. (2010). Üniversite öğrencilerinin bulundukları il merkezine ekonomik katkıları ve harcama eğilimleri: Isparta 2003-2009 yılları örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22 (2), 165-178. Allinson, J. (2006). Over educated, over exuberant and over here? The impact of students on cities. Planning Practice and Research, 21 (1), 79-94. Babbie, E., R. (2007). The practice of social research (11th Ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson / Wadsworth Bilgin Turna, G. (2015). Being a university student in a small city: Students’ perception of Rize / Turkey. VF AST Transaction on Education and Social Sciences, 7 (1), 73-75. Brandt, C. & Mortanges, P. C. (2011). City branding: A brand concept map analysis of a university town. Place Branding Public Diplomacy, 7 (1), 50-63. Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum (13. baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi. Charles, D. (2006). Universities as key knowledge infrastructures in regional innovation systems. Innovation, 19 (1), 117-130. Chatterton, P. & Goddard, J. (2000). The response of higher education institutions to regional needs. European Journal of Education, 35 (4), 475-496. Coca-Stefaniak, J.A., Parker, C., Quin, S., Rinaldi, R. & Byrom, J. (2009). Town centre management models: A European perspective. Cities, 26 (1), 74-80. Cubillo, J.M., Sanchez, J. & Cervino, J. (2006). International students’ decision-making process. International Journal of Education Management, 20 (2), 101-115. Darchen, S. & Tremblay, D.-G. (2010). What attracts and retains knowledge workers/students: the quality of place or career opportunities? The case of Montreal and Ottawa. Cities, 27, 225-233. Field, A., (2005). Discovering statistics using SPSS. London: Sage Publications. Freire, J. R. (2009). Local people: A critical dimension for place brands. Journal of Brand Management, 16 (7), 420–438. Green, S.B., Salkind, N. J. & Akey, T. M. (2000). Using SPSS for Windows Analyzing and Understanding Data. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Gruber, T., Fuß, S., Voss, R. & Gla ̈ser-Zikuda, M. (2010). Examining student satisfaction with higher education services. International Journal for Public Sector Management, 23 (2), 105-123. Guhathakurta, S. & Stimson, R.J. (2007). What is driving the growth of new ‘‘Sunbelt’’ metropolises? Quality of life and urban regimes in Greater Phoenix and Brisbane–South East Queensland Region. International Planning Studies, 12 (2), 129–152. Halterbeck, M. & Conlon, G. (2015). The economic and social impact of Cardiff University. London. Harris, R. I. (1997). The impact of the Universtiy of Portsmouth on the local economy. Urban Studies, 34 (4), 605-626. Sayfa | 151 Hidalgo, M. C. & Hernandez, B. (2001). Place attachment: conceptual and empirical questions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 273–281. Hinton, P. R., Brownlow, C., McMurray, I. & Cozens, B. (2004). SPSS explained. London & New York: Taylor & Francis Group. Hubbard, P. (2009). Geographies of studentification and purpose built student accommodation: Leading separate lives?. Environment and Planning, 41, 1903-1923. Huggins, R. & Cooke, P. (1997). The economic impact of Cardiff University: Inovation, learning and job generation. Geo Journal, 41 (4), 325-337. Huggins, R. & Johnston, A. (2009). The economic and innovation contribution of universities: A regional perspective. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 27 (6), 1088-1106. Insch, A. & Florek, M. (2008). A great place to live, work and play: Conceptualising place satisfaction in the case of a city’s residents. Journal of Place Management and Development, 1 (2), 138-149. Insch, A. & Sun, B. (2013). University students’ needs and satisfaction with their host city. Journal of Place Management and Development, 6 (3), 178-171. Insch, A. (2010). Managing residents’ satisfaction with city life: Application of importance-satisfaction analysis. Journal of Town & City Management, 1, (2), 164-174. Kalaycı, Ş. (2005). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri (1 ed.). Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Saunders, J. A. & Wong, V. (1999). Principles of Marketing. Prentice Hall Europe: New Jersey. Neuman, W. L. (2000). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Ng, S. L. (2005). Subjective residental environment its implications for quality of life among university students in Hong Kong. Social Indicators Research, 71, pp.467-489 Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory (2nd Edt). New York: McGraw-Hill. Öztürk, S., Torun, İ. ve Özkök, Y. (2011). Anadolu’da kurulan üniversitelerin illerin sosyo-ekonomik yapılarına katkıları. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8 (16), 145-158. Pallant, J.(2007). A Step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (Third Edition). New York: McGraw Hill, Open Uniersity Press. Petruzzellis, L. & Romanazzi, S. (2010). Educational value: How students choose university: Evidence from an Italian university. International Journal of Educational Management, 24 (2), 139-158. Price, I., Matzdorf, L. & Agahi, H. (2003). The impact of facilities on student choice of university. International Journal of Educational Management, 21 (10), 212-222. Santos, L. D., Martins, I. & Brito, P. (2007). Measuring subjective quality of life: A surveyto Porto’s Residents. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 2, 1-64.
- UYGUN, GÜNER, KILIÇ / Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kent Tatmini ve Bağlılık... Scannell, L. & Gifford R. (2010). The relations between natural and civic place attachment and pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 289–297. Stedman, R. C. (2002). Towards a social psychology of place: Predicting behavior from place-based cognitions, attitude, and identity. Environment and Behavior, 34 (5), 561–581. Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th Edt.). Boston: Pearson Education. Tösten, R. Çenberlitaş, İ. ve Gökoğlan, K. (2013). Dicle üniversitesi öğrencilerinin harcama analizi ve Diyarbakır ekonomisine katkısı. Dicle Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 5 (10), 90- 114. Ural, A. & Kılıç, İ. (2006). Bilimsel araştırma süreci ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık. Uygun, M. (2015). Müşteri ilişkilerinin ölçülmesi, (Ed. Yavuz Odabaşı). Perakendecilikte müşteri ilişkileri yönetimi. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, ss.142-170. Wells, I. (1991). Town centre management: a future for the High Street. Geographical Papers, No. 109, University of Reading, Reading. Whyatt, G. (2004). Town centre management: how theory informs a strategic approach. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 32, (7), 346–353. Williams, A., Kitchen, P., Randall, J. & Muhajarine, N. (2008). Changes in quality of life perceptions in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan: Comparing survey results from 2001 and 2004. Social Indicators Research, 85 (1), 5-22. Zenker, S. & Beckman, S. C. (2013). My Place is not your place- different place brand knowledge by different target groups. Journal of Place Management and Developlant, 6, (1), 6-17. Zenker, S. & Rutter, N. (2014). Is satisfaction the key: The role of citizen satisfaction, place attachment an place brand attitude on positive citizenship behavior. Cities, 38, 11-17. Zenker, S. (2009). Who’s your target? The creative class as a target group for placebranding. Journal of Place Management and Development, 2 (1), 23–32. Zenker, S., Petersen, S. & Aholt, A. (2013). The citizen satisfaction index (CSI): evidence for a four basic factor model in a German sample. Cities, 31, 1-9.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kent Tatmini ve Bağlılık Duygularının Gelişiminde Kent Deneyimlerinin Rolü
Öz
Bu araştırma, üniversite öğrencilerinin okudukları kente yönelik deneyimleri ile kent tatmini, kent bağlılığı ve bunların bir sonucu
olarak gelişen olumlu ağızdan ağza iletişim (AAİ) davranışları arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Nicel
yöntemden yararlanılan araştırmada, Aksaray Üniversitesi’nde okuyan 861 öğrenciden amaca yönelik ölçeklerden yararlanılarak
oluşturulmuş bir anket yoluyla kolayda örnekleme yöntemine göre veri toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, SPSS istatistik yazılım
programı yoluyla betimsel istatistiklerden, faktör analizinden, çok değişkenli varyans analizinden (MANOVA) korelasyon
analizinden (Pearson) ve standart çoklu regresyon testinden yararlanarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucu üniversite
öğrencilerinin kent deneyimlerinin halkın olumsuz bakış açısına yönelik deneyimler, kentin fiziksel çevre koşullarına yönelik
deneyimler, kentteki barınma deneyimleri, kentteki sosyal yaşam deneyimleri, ulaşım deneyimleri ve kentin olumsuz ekonomik
koşullarına yönelik deneyimler olmak üzere altı boyutta ele alınabileceği belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, bu deneyimlerle kente yönelik
tatmin, bağlılık duyguları ve AAİ davranışları arasında istatistiksel olarak görece orta düzeyli ilişkiler olduğuna işaret etmektedir.
Ayrıca araştırmada, bu deneyimlerin bazı kişisel özelliklere bağlı olarak yer yer farklılaştığı; kent tatmini, bağlılığı ve olumlu AAİ
davranışı açısından en önemli kent deneyimlerinin kentin fiziksel çevre koşullarına, sosyal yaşama ve halkın olumsuz bakış
açısına yönelik deneyimler olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kent Deneyimleri Kent Tatmini Kent Bağlılığı AAİ Davranışı Üniversite Öğrencileri
Kaynakça
- Abubakar, B., Shanka, T. & Nkombo Muuka, G. (2010). Tertiary education: An investigation of location selection criteria and preferences by international students–the case of two Australian universities. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 20 (1), 49-68. Sayfa | 150 AKSARAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ İİBF DERGİSİ, Aralık, 2016, Cilt 8, Sayı 4 Akçakanat, T., Çarıkçı, İ. & Dulupçu, M. A. (2010). Üniversite öğrencilerinin bulundukları il merkezine ekonomik katkıları ve harcama eğilimleri: Isparta 2003-2009 yılları örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22 (2), 165-178. Allinson, J. (2006). Over educated, over exuberant and over here? The impact of students on cities. Planning Practice and Research, 21 (1), 79-94. Babbie, E., R. (2007). The practice of social research (11th Ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson / Wadsworth Bilgin Turna, G. (2015). Being a university student in a small city: Students’ perception of Rize / Turkey. VF AST Transaction on Education and Social Sciences, 7 (1), 73-75. Brandt, C. & Mortanges, P. C. (2011). City branding: A brand concept map analysis of a university town. Place Branding Public Diplomacy, 7 (1), 50-63. Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum (13. baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi. Charles, D. (2006). Universities as key knowledge infrastructures in regional innovation systems. Innovation, 19 (1), 117-130. Chatterton, P. & Goddard, J. (2000). The response of higher education institutions to regional needs. European Journal of Education, 35 (4), 475-496. Coca-Stefaniak, J.A., Parker, C., Quin, S., Rinaldi, R. & Byrom, J. (2009). Town centre management models: A European perspective. Cities, 26 (1), 74-80. Cubillo, J.M., Sanchez, J. & Cervino, J. (2006). International students’ decision-making process. International Journal of Education Management, 20 (2), 101-115. Darchen, S. & Tremblay, D.-G. (2010). What attracts and retains knowledge workers/students: the quality of place or career opportunities? The case of Montreal and Ottawa. Cities, 27, 225-233. Field, A., (2005). Discovering statistics using SPSS. London: Sage Publications. Freire, J. R. (2009). Local people: A critical dimension for place brands. Journal of Brand Management, 16 (7), 420–438. Green, S.B., Salkind, N. J. & Akey, T. M. (2000). Using SPSS for Windows Analyzing and Understanding Data. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Gruber, T., Fuß, S., Voss, R. & Gla ̈ser-Zikuda, M. (2010). Examining student satisfaction with higher education services. International Journal for Public Sector Management, 23 (2), 105-123. Guhathakurta, S. & Stimson, R.J. (2007). What is driving the growth of new ‘‘Sunbelt’’ metropolises? Quality of life and urban regimes in Greater Phoenix and Brisbane–South East Queensland Region. International Planning Studies, 12 (2), 129–152. Halterbeck, M. & Conlon, G. (2015). The economic and social impact of Cardiff University. London. Harris, R. I. (1997). The impact of the Universtiy of Portsmouth on the local economy. Urban Studies, 34 (4), 605-626. Sayfa | 151 Hidalgo, M. C. & Hernandez, B. (2001). Place attachment: conceptual and empirical questions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 273–281. Hinton, P. R., Brownlow, C., McMurray, I. & Cozens, B. (2004). SPSS explained. London & New York: Taylor & Francis Group. Hubbard, P. (2009). Geographies of studentification and purpose built student accommodation: Leading separate lives?. Environment and Planning, 41, 1903-1923. Huggins, R. & Cooke, P. (1997). The economic impact of Cardiff University: Inovation, learning and job generation. Geo Journal, 41 (4), 325-337. Huggins, R. & Johnston, A. (2009). The economic and innovation contribution of universities: A regional perspective. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 27 (6), 1088-1106. Insch, A. & Florek, M. (2008). A great place to live, work and play: Conceptualising place satisfaction in the case of a city’s residents. Journal of Place Management and Development, 1 (2), 138-149. Insch, A. & Sun, B. (2013). University students’ needs and satisfaction with their host city. Journal of Place Management and Development, 6 (3), 178-171. Insch, A. (2010). Managing residents’ satisfaction with city life: Application of importance-satisfaction analysis. Journal of Town & City Management, 1, (2), 164-174. Kalaycı, Ş. (2005). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri (1 ed.). Ankara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Saunders, J. A. & Wong, V. (1999). Principles of Marketing. Prentice Hall Europe: New Jersey. Neuman, W. L. (2000). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Ng, S. L. (2005). Subjective residental environment its implications for quality of life among university students in Hong Kong. Social Indicators Research, 71, pp.467-489 Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory (2nd Edt). New York: McGraw-Hill. Öztürk, S., Torun, İ. ve Özkök, Y. (2011). Anadolu’da kurulan üniversitelerin illerin sosyo-ekonomik yapılarına katkıları. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8 (16), 145-158. Pallant, J.(2007). A Step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (Third Edition). New York: McGraw Hill, Open Uniersity Press. Petruzzellis, L. & Romanazzi, S. (2010). Educational value: How students choose university: Evidence from an Italian university. International Journal of Educational Management, 24 (2), 139-158. Price, I., Matzdorf, L. & Agahi, H. (2003). The impact of facilities on student choice of university. International Journal of Educational Management, 21 (10), 212-222. Santos, L. D., Martins, I. & Brito, P. (2007). Measuring subjective quality of life: A surveyto Porto’s Residents. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 2, 1-64.
- UYGUN, GÜNER, KILIÇ / Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kent Tatmini ve Bağlılık... Scannell, L. & Gifford R. (2010). The relations between natural and civic place attachment and pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 289–297. Stedman, R. C. (2002). Towards a social psychology of place: Predicting behavior from place-based cognitions, attitude, and identity. Environment and Behavior, 34 (5), 561–581. Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th Edt.). Boston: Pearson Education. Tösten, R. Çenberlitaş, İ. ve Gökoğlan, K. (2013). Dicle üniversitesi öğrencilerinin harcama analizi ve Diyarbakır ekonomisine katkısı. Dicle Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 5 (10), 90- 114. Ural, A. & Kılıç, İ. (2006). Bilimsel araştırma süreci ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık. Uygun, M. (2015). Müşteri ilişkilerinin ölçülmesi, (Ed. Yavuz Odabaşı). Perakendecilikte müşteri ilişkileri yönetimi. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları, ss.142-170. Wells, I. (1991). Town centre management: a future for the High Street. Geographical Papers, No. 109, University of Reading, Reading. Whyatt, G. (2004). Town centre management: how theory informs a strategic approach. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 32, (7), 346–353. Williams, A., Kitchen, P., Randall, J. & Muhajarine, N. (2008). Changes in quality of life perceptions in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan: Comparing survey results from 2001 and 2004. Social Indicators Research, 85 (1), 5-22. Zenker, S. & Beckman, S. C. (2013). My Place is not your place- different place brand knowledge by different target groups. Journal of Place Management and Developlant, 6, (1), 6-17. Zenker, S. & Rutter, N. (2014). Is satisfaction the key: The role of citizen satisfaction, place attachment an place brand attitude on positive citizenship behavior. Cities, 38, 11-17. Zenker, S. (2009). Who’s your target? The creative class as a target group for placebranding. Journal of Place Management and Development, 2 (1), 23–32. Zenker, S., Petersen, S. & Aholt, A. (2013). The citizen satisfaction index (CSI): evidence for a four basic factor model in a German sample. Cities, 31, 1-9.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Derleme Makale |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2016 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4 |
