Öz
There appeared a severe civil war in Afghanistan between the end of the Soviet invasion in 1989 and the US military intervention in order to overthrow the Taliban in 2001. Together with the global powers such as USA and the Soviet Union, (Russia afterwards) some regional powers intervened this civil war by giving various kinds of supports to the warring sides. Iran is also amangst these regional powers, which intervened Afghan civil war. This study aims to explain Iran’s foreign policy towards the civil war in Afghanistan, together with the main motivators that shape its foreign policy, and the reflections of its internal political developmens, the political developments wordwide, and the course of the civil war in Afghanistan towards the foreign policy of Iran. In this way, the transformation of Iran’s foreign policy towards Afghanistan, from isolationism to an increasing interventionism, from hard ideological to a realpolitical approach is going to be put forward.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Iran Afghanistan civil war foreign policy transformation intervention
Kaynakça
- AHADI, Anvar-ul Haq. (1998). Saudi Arabia, Iran And The Conflict In Afghanistan, William Maley (Ed.). Fundamentalism Reborn, içinde, C. Hurst & Co., London, (s:117-134). Breau of South Asian Affairs. (ty.) Fact Sheet: The Taliban And The Afghan Drug Trade, http://www.state.gov/www/regions/sa/facts_taliban_drugs .html, 20.01.2001. CARPENTER, T. Galen. (1994). The Unintended Consequences Of Afghanistan, World Policy Journal, Vol:11, No:1 (s:76-87). CIA. (ty.). CIA World Fact Book Afghanistan Profile 2001, http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/af.html , 28.07.2001. COCKBURN, Alexander. (1995, 20 March). What’s Happening In Afghanistan?, Nation, Vol:260, No:11, (s:373). FREIJ, H. Yousif. (1996). State Interests Vs. The Umma: Iranian Policy In Central Asia, Middle East Journal, Vol:50, No:1, (s:71-84). GOODHAND, Jonathan. (2000). From Holy War To Opium War? A Case Study Of The Opium Economy In North Eastern Afghanistan, Central Asian Studies, Vol:19, No:2, (s:265-280). GOODSON, P. Lerry. (2001). Perverting Islam: Taliban Social Policy Toward Women, Central Asian Survey, Vol:20, No:4, (s:415-426). House Of Representatives. (1997, 12 February). Peace For Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.11.2008. House Of Representatives. (1997, 9 November). Expressing Concern For Human Rights In Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.11.2008. House Of Representatives. (1998, 28 April) Concerning Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 30.11.2008. House Of Representatives. (1998, 9 October). The Taliban: Protectors Of Terrorists, Producers Of Drugs, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.11.2008. MAASS, D. C. (1999). The Afghanistan conflict: External involvement. Central Asian Survey, 18 (1), 65-78. MACKENZIE, Richard. (1998). The United States And The Taliban, Fundamentalism Reborn, William Maley (Ed.). C. Hurst & Co., London, (s:90-103). MACLEOD, Scoth. (2001). The Near Misses, Time Atlantic, Vol:158, No:21, (s:41). MARSDEN, Peter. (1998). The Taliban: War, Religion, And The New Order In Afghanistan, Oxford University Pres, Karachi. MATINUDDIN, Kamal. (1999). The Taliban Phenomenon: Afghanistan 1994-1997, Oxford University Press, New York. MCCOY, W. Alfred. (1991). The Politics Of Heroin: CIA Complicity In The Global Drug Trade, Lawrence Hills Boks, USA. ÖĞÜTÇÜ, Mehmet. (1995). Eurasian Energy Prospects And Politics: Need For A Longer Term Western Strategy, Future, Vol:27, No:1, (s:37-63). PRECHT, Henry. (1988). Ayatollah Realpolitik, Foreign Policy, No:70, (s:109-128). PRUSSEL, Deborah. (1998). Feminists Take On UNOCAL, Progressive, No:62, (s:14-15). RAIS, B. Rasul. (1993). Afghanistan And The Regional Powers, Asian Survey, Vol:33, No:9, (s:905-922). RASHID, Ahmed. (1996). Back With A Vengeance – Proxy War In Afghanistan, World Today, Vol:52, No:3, (s:60-63). RASHID, Ahmed. (1998). Pakistan And The Taliban, Fundamentalism Reborn, William Maley (Ed.), C. Hurst & Co., London, (s:72-89). RAŞİD, Ahmed. (2001). Taliban: İslamiyet, Petrol ve Orta Asya’da Yeni Büyük Oyun, (çev: Osman Akınhay) Everest Mozaik, İstanbul. RUBIN Barrnett. (1997a). Women And Pipelines – Afghanistan Proxy War, International Affairs, Vol:73, No:2, (s:283-296). RUBIN, Barrnett. (1997b). US Policy In Afghanistan, Muslim Politics Report, No:11, (s:1-6). SELİM, Yavuz. (2004). Afganistan ve Dostum, ATO Yayınları, Ankara. Senate. (1997, 20 May) Expressing Concern For The Continued Deterioration Of Human Rights In Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.10.2008. Senate. (1997, 7 February) Senate Concurring Resolution 6- Relative To Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.10.2008. Senate. (1998, 18 May) Senate Concurring Resolution 97- Expressing The Sence Of Congress Concerning Human Rights And Humanitarian Situation Facing The Women And Girls Of Afghanistan, Library of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.10.2008. Senate. (1998, 30 July) Expressing The Sence Of Congress Concerning Human Rights And Humanitarian Situation Facing The Women And Girls Of Afghanistan, Library of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.10.2008. SIDDIKI, Kalim. (9-13.11.1996). US Oil Giant And The Taliban, Financial Times, No:6. SNIDER, Michael. (08.10.2001). A Quagmire Of Alliances And Enmities, Mclean’s, Vol:114, No:41, (s:35). TAROCK, Adam. (1999). The Politics Of The Pipeline – The Iran And Afghanistan Conflict, Third World Quarterly, Vol:20, No:4, (s:801-819). TARZI, Shah M. (1992). Afghanistan In 1991: A Glimmer Of Hope, Asian Survey, Vol:32, No:2, (s:189-196).
Öz
Afganistan üzerindeki Sovyet işgalinin sona erdiği 1989 yılı ile ABD’nin Taliban’ı devirmeye yönelik askeri müdahalede
bulunduğu 2001 yılları arasında, bu ülkede şiddetli bir iç savaş yaşanmıştır. ABD ve Sovyetler Birliği (sonrasında Rusya) gibi
küresel güçlerle beraber, bazı bölgesel güçler de, iç savaşın taraflarını çeşitli şekillerde destekleyerek bu iç savaşa müdahil
olmuşlardır. İran da Afgan iç savaşına müdahil olan bu bölgesel güçlerden biridir. Çalışmada, İran’ın dış politikasını
şekillendiren temel güdüleyicilerle birlikte, gerek bu ülkenin iç politikasındaki, gerek dünyanın genel siyasi durumundaki
değişimlerin, gerekse de Afgan iç savaşındaki gelişmelerin İran’ın Afganistan’a yönelik dış politikasına yansımaları ele
alınmaktadır. Böylelikle İran’ın Afganistan’a yönelik dış politikasında tepkisizlikten, giderek artan müdahaleciliğe, katı
ideolojik yaklaşımdan reel politiğe dönüşüm ortaya koyulacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- AHADI, Anvar-ul Haq. (1998). Saudi Arabia, Iran And The Conflict In Afghanistan, William Maley (Ed.). Fundamentalism Reborn, içinde, C. Hurst & Co., London, (s:117-134). Breau of South Asian Affairs. (ty.) Fact Sheet: The Taliban And The Afghan Drug Trade, http://www.state.gov/www/regions/sa/facts_taliban_drugs .html, 20.01.2001. CARPENTER, T. Galen. (1994). The Unintended Consequences Of Afghanistan, World Policy Journal, Vol:11, No:1 (s:76-87). CIA. (ty.). CIA World Fact Book Afghanistan Profile 2001, http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/af.html , 28.07.2001. COCKBURN, Alexander. (1995, 20 March). What’s Happening In Afghanistan?, Nation, Vol:260, No:11, (s:373). FREIJ, H. Yousif. (1996). State Interests Vs. The Umma: Iranian Policy In Central Asia, Middle East Journal, Vol:50, No:1, (s:71-84). GOODHAND, Jonathan. (2000). From Holy War To Opium War? A Case Study Of The Opium Economy In North Eastern Afghanistan, Central Asian Studies, Vol:19, No:2, (s:265-280). GOODSON, P. Lerry. (2001). Perverting Islam: Taliban Social Policy Toward Women, Central Asian Survey, Vol:20, No:4, (s:415-426). House Of Representatives. (1997, 12 February). Peace For Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.11.2008. House Of Representatives. (1997, 9 November). Expressing Concern For Human Rights In Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.11.2008. House Of Representatives. (1998, 28 April) Concerning Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 30.11.2008. House Of Representatives. (1998, 9 October). The Taliban: Protectors Of Terrorists, Producers Of Drugs, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.11.2008. MAASS, D. C. (1999). The Afghanistan conflict: External involvement. Central Asian Survey, 18 (1), 65-78. MACKENZIE, Richard. (1998). The United States And The Taliban, Fundamentalism Reborn, William Maley (Ed.). C. Hurst & Co., London, (s:90-103). MACLEOD, Scoth. (2001). The Near Misses, Time Atlantic, Vol:158, No:21, (s:41). MARSDEN, Peter. (1998). The Taliban: War, Religion, And The New Order In Afghanistan, Oxford University Pres, Karachi. MATINUDDIN, Kamal. (1999). The Taliban Phenomenon: Afghanistan 1994-1997, Oxford University Press, New York. MCCOY, W. Alfred. (1991). The Politics Of Heroin: CIA Complicity In The Global Drug Trade, Lawrence Hills Boks, USA. ÖĞÜTÇÜ, Mehmet. (1995). Eurasian Energy Prospects And Politics: Need For A Longer Term Western Strategy, Future, Vol:27, No:1, (s:37-63). PRECHT, Henry. (1988). Ayatollah Realpolitik, Foreign Policy, No:70, (s:109-128). PRUSSEL, Deborah. (1998). Feminists Take On UNOCAL, Progressive, No:62, (s:14-15). RAIS, B. Rasul. (1993). Afghanistan And The Regional Powers, Asian Survey, Vol:33, No:9, (s:905-922). RASHID, Ahmed. (1996). Back With A Vengeance – Proxy War In Afghanistan, World Today, Vol:52, No:3, (s:60-63). RASHID, Ahmed. (1998). Pakistan And The Taliban, Fundamentalism Reborn, William Maley (Ed.), C. Hurst & Co., London, (s:72-89). RAŞİD, Ahmed. (2001). Taliban: İslamiyet, Petrol ve Orta Asya’da Yeni Büyük Oyun, (çev: Osman Akınhay) Everest Mozaik, İstanbul. RUBIN Barrnett. (1997a). Women And Pipelines – Afghanistan Proxy War, International Affairs, Vol:73, No:2, (s:283-296). RUBIN, Barrnett. (1997b). US Policy In Afghanistan, Muslim Politics Report, No:11, (s:1-6). SELİM, Yavuz. (2004). Afganistan ve Dostum, ATO Yayınları, Ankara. Senate. (1997, 20 May) Expressing Concern For The Continued Deterioration Of Human Rights In Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.10.2008. Senate. (1997, 7 February) Senate Concurring Resolution 6- Relative To Afghanistan, Library Of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.10.2008. Senate. (1998, 18 May) Senate Concurring Resolution 97- Expressing The Sence Of Congress Concerning Human Rights And Humanitarian Situation Facing The Women And Girls Of Afghanistan, Library of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.10.2008. Senate. (1998, 30 July) Expressing The Sence Of Congress Concerning Human Rights And Humanitarian Situation Facing The Women And Girls Of Afghanistan, Library of Congress, http://thomas.loc.gov/, 20.10.2008. SIDDIKI, Kalim. (9-13.11.1996). US Oil Giant And The Taliban, Financial Times, No:6. SNIDER, Michael. (08.10.2001). A Quagmire Of Alliances And Enmities, Mclean’s, Vol:114, No:41, (s:35). TAROCK, Adam. (1999). The Politics Of The Pipeline – The Iran And Afghanistan Conflict, Third World Quarterly, Vol:20, No:4, (s:801-819). TARZI, Shah M. (1992). Afghanistan In 1991: A Glimmer Of Hope, Asian Survey, Vol:32, No:2, (s:189-196).
Ayrıntılar
| Bölüm | Derleme Makale |
|---|---|
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Nisan 2016 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2 |
