Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 111 - 125, 30.06.2020
Öz
Economic growth has been an important issue on the agenda of countries for a long time. In this regard, the
traditional Kuznet curve hypothesis approach (1955) showed that income inequality for the USA, England and
Germany follows a reverse-u curve-like process in the face of economic growth. Later on, it was observed that
there is a wide literature in which this framework and the like are studied together with the variables of carbon
emission, energy consumption and economic growth. This study could look entirely fairly extensive literature on
the subject, make an assessment and to Turkey (1980-2014) period like the Kuznets relationship using the ARDL
bounds testing approach aims to test the data. According to the findings, economic growth positively affects
environmental pollution. A non-parabolic linear one-way causality from growth to carbon emission was found.
This result can be interpreted as Turkey is in the initial stages of economic growth. However, there is increasing
discourse that environmentally sensitive investments should gain more importance. This underlines the necessity
of achieving planned, sustainable economic growth. For this reason, the issue should be dealt with not one-way
but holistic policy approaches.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Apergis, N., Payne, J.E., 2010. Renewable energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from a panel of OECD countries. Energy Policy 38, 656–660. Apergis, N., Payne, J.E., 2012. Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption-growthnexus: evidence from a panel error correction model. Energy Econ. 34, 733–738. Akbostancı, E., Türüt-Aşik, S., Tunç, G.I. 2009, A Decomposition Analysis of CO2 Emissionsfrom Energy Use: Turkish Case. Energy Policy, 37(11), 4689-4699.Artan,S;Hayaloğlu,P;Seyhan,B, (2015). Türkiye’de çevre kirliliği, dışa açıklık ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt:13 Sayı:1.Arı,A;Zeren,F; CO2 Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Panel Veri Analizi, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Celal Bayar
- Apergis, N., Payne, J.E., 2010. Renewable energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from a panel of OECD countries. Energy Policy 38, 656–660. Apergis, N., Payne, J.E., 2012. Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption-growth nexus: evidence from a panel error correction model. Energy Econ. 34, 733–738. Akbostancı, E., Türüt-Aşik, S., Tunç, G.I. 2009, A Decomposition Analysis of CO2 Emissions from Energy Use: Turkish Case. Energy Policy, 37(11), 4689-4699. Artan,S;Hayaloğlu,P;Seyhan,B, (2015). Türkiye’de çevre kirliliği, dışa açıklık ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt:13 Sayı:1. Arı,A;Zeren,F; CO2 Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Panel Veri Analizi, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Celal Bayar Üni İİBF, Yıl:2011 Cilt:18 Sayı:2. Aslanidis, N., Iranzo, S. (2009), Environment and development: Is there a Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions? Applied Economics, 41(6), 803-810. Bildirici, M.E., 2017. The effects of militarization on biofuel consumption and CO2 emission. J. Clean. Prod. 152, 420–428 Bayramoğlu,A.T; Yurtkur,A.K.,(2016). Türkiye’de karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi:Doğrusal olmayan eşbütünleşme analizi, AİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt:16, Yıl:16, Sayı: 4, 16: 31-45. Bengochea-Morancho, A., Higón-Tamarit, F., Martínez-Zarzoso, I., 2001. Economic growth and CO2 emissions in the European Union. Environ. Resour. Econ. 19, 165–172. Destek, M.A., Balli, E., Manga, M., (2016). The Relationship between CO2 Emission, Energy Consumption, Urbanization and Trade Openness for Selected CEECs. Research in World Economy, 7(1), 52-58. Dinda, S. (2004), Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: A survey. Ecological Economics, 49(4), 431-455. Gill,A.R. vd..,(2017).” Is Environmental Kuznets Curve Still Relevant?”, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 7(1), 156-165 ISSN: 2146-4553. Grossman, G. M., & Krueger, A. B. (1995). Economic growth and the environment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110, 353–377. Güler,E.Ö;Börüban,C;(2019), “Çevresel Kalite Üzerinde Endüstrinin ve Ölçek Etkisinin İncelenmesi”, Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, Cilt:23. Sayı:1. Haziran 2019 ss.63-75. Halicioglu, F., 2008. The bilateral J-curve: Turkey versus her 13 trading partners. J. Asian Econ. 19, 236–243. Holtz-Eakin, D., Selden, T.M., 1995. Stoking the fires? CO2 emissions and economic growth. J. Public Econ. 57, 85–101. Kuznets, . (1955). “Economic growth and income inequality”. American Economic Review 45(1): 1–28. Kais, S., Sami, H., 2016. An econometric study of the impact of economic growth and energy use on carbon emissions: panel data evidence from fifty eight countries. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 59, 1101–1110. Kar,M.ve Kınık,E. (2008),”Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi Çeşitleri ve Ekonomik Büyüme Ekonometrik Bir Analizi”.Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F Dergisi 10(2).2008 syf: 333-353. Lean,H.H.;Smyth,R:2010, Co2 Emissions, Electricity Consumption and Output in Asean, Applied Energy 87:1858-1864. Lieb, C.M. (2004), The environmental Kuznets curve and flow versus stock pollution: The neglect of future damages. Environmental and Resource Economics, 29(4), 483-506. Mardani,A; Streimikiene,D;Cavallaro,F;Loganathan,N; Khoshnoudi,M., (2019), Carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth: a systematic review of two decades of research from 1995 to 2017, Science of total environment 649:31-49. Narayan, P.K. ve R. Smyth (2005), ‘’Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth i Fiji. An Empirical Assesment Using the ARDL Approach’’, Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 10(1), 96-115. Narayan, P.K. ve S. Narayan (2005), ‘’ Estimating Income and Price Elasticities of Imports For Fiji in a Cointegration Framework’’, Economic Modelling, 22, 423-438 Ozturk, I. (2010). A literature survey on energy–growth nexus. Energy Policy, 38:340-349. Ozturk, I., Al-Mulali, U. (2015), “Investigating the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Cambodia”, Ecological Indicators, 57, 324-330. Pesaran, M. H., Y. Shin ve R.J. Smith (2001), ‘’Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships’’, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16,289-326. Pesaran,H, (1997), “The Role of Economic Theory in Modelling the Long Run”,The Economic Journal, Vol. 107, No. 440 (Jan., 1997), pp. 178-191. Panayotou, T. (1993), “Empirical Tests and Policy Analysis of Environmental Degradation at Different Stages of Economic Development”, Geneva: International Labour Organization. Shahbaz, M., Dube, S., Ozturk, I., Jalil, A. (2015), “Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Portugal”, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 5(2), 475-481. Sinha, D.R. (2010), “The environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis and legacy pollution: A Geohistorical Analysis of the Environmental Consequences of Industrialization in Worcester”, Massachusetts. The Industrial Geographer, 7(1), 1-18. Stern, D.I. (2004), “The rise and fall of the environmental Kuznets curve”, World Development, 32(8), 1419-1439. Sarı ve Soytaş,U., (2009), Are global warming and economic growth combatable?Evidence from five OPEC countries. Applied Energy 86, 1887-1893. Soytaş, U., Sari, R., Ewing, B.T. (2007), Energy consumption, income, and carbon emissions in the United States. Ecological Economics, 62(3-4), 482-489. Available online at: http://upiyptk. ac.id/Ekonomi/Soytas_Energy_US.pdf Zhao, X., Zhang, X., Li, N., Shao, S., Geng, Y., 2017. Decoupling economic growth from carbon dioxide emissions in China: a sectoral factor decomposition analysis. J. Clean. Prod. 142, 3500–3516.
ARDL Yaklaşımıyla Türkiye’de Çevre Kirliliği ve Geleneksel Kuznets Eğrisi (EKC) Literatürüne Bir Bakış
Öz
Ekonomik büyüme
çok uzun zamandan beridir ülkelerin gündemini oluşturan önemli bir konudur. Bu
konuda geleneksel Kuznet eğrisi hipotezi yaklaşımı (1955), ABD, İngiltere ve
Almanya için gelir eşitsizliğinin ekonomik büyüme karşısında ters-u eğrisi
benzeri bir süreç izlediğini göstermiştir. Daha sonraları bu çerçeve ve bunun
benzerlerinin karbon emisyonu, enerji tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme değişkenleri
ile birlikte çalışıldığı oldukça geniş bir literatür oluştuğunu görmekteyiz.
Sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın önemli bir parçası olan çevre kirliliği, önem
verilmesi gereken bir kavram olarak karşımızda duruyor. Bu çalışma, konu
üzerinde bugüne kadar olan belli başlı literatürün bir değerlendirmesini
yapmayı ve Türkiye için (1980-2014) dönemi verileri ile ardl sınır testi yaklaşımını
kullanarak Kuznets benzeri bir ilişkiyi test etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bulgulara
göre ekonomik büyüme çevre kirliliğini pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Büyümeden karbon
emisyonuna doğru parabolik olmayan doğrusal tek yönlü bir nedensellik bulunmuştur.
Bu sonuç, Türkiye’nin ekonomik büyümenin başlangıç aşamalarında olduğu şeklinde
yorumlanabilir. Ancak çevre duyarlı yatırımların daha fazla önem kazanması
gerektiği söylemleri artmaktadır. Bu da yine planlı, sürdürülebilir ekonomik
büyümenin sağlanması gerektiğinin altını çizmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Apergis, N., Payne, J.E., 2010. Renewable energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from a panel of OECD countries. Energy Policy 38, 656–660. Apergis, N., Payne, J.E., 2012. Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption-growthnexus: evidence from a panel error correction model. Energy Econ. 34, 733–738. Akbostancı, E., Türüt-Aşik, S., Tunç, G.I. 2009, A Decomposition Analysis of CO2 Emissionsfrom Energy Use: Turkish Case. Energy Policy, 37(11), 4689-4699.Artan,S;Hayaloğlu,P;Seyhan,B, (2015). Türkiye’de çevre kirliliği, dışa açıklık ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt:13 Sayı:1.Arı,A;Zeren,F; CO2 Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Panel Veri Analizi, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Celal Bayar
- Apergis, N., Payne, J.E., 2010. Renewable energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from a panel of OECD countries. Energy Policy 38, 656–660. Apergis, N., Payne, J.E., 2012. Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption-growth nexus: evidence from a panel error correction model. Energy Econ. 34, 733–738. Akbostancı, E., Türüt-Aşik, S., Tunç, G.I. 2009, A Decomposition Analysis of CO2 Emissions from Energy Use: Turkish Case. Energy Policy, 37(11), 4689-4699. Artan,S;Hayaloğlu,P;Seyhan,B, (2015). Türkiye’de çevre kirliliği, dışa açıklık ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt:13 Sayı:1. Arı,A;Zeren,F; CO2 Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Panel Veri Analizi, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Celal Bayar Üni İİBF, Yıl:2011 Cilt:18 Sayı:2. Aslanidis, N., Iranzo, S. (2009), Environment and development: Is there a Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions? Applied Economics, 41(6), 803-810. Bildirici, M.E., 2017. The effects of militarization on biofuel consumption and CO2 emission. J. Clean. Prod. 152, 420–428 Bayramoğlu,A.T; Yurtkur,A.K.,(2016). Türkiye’de karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi:Doğrusal olmayan eşbütünleşme analizi, AİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt:16, Yıl:16, Sayı: 4, 16: 31-45. Bengochea-Morancho, A., Higón-Tamarit, F., Martínez-Zarzoso, I., 2001. Economic growth and CO2 emissions in the European Union. Environ. Resour. Econ. 19, 165–172. Destek, M.A., Balli, E., Manga, M., (2016). The Relationship between CO2 Emission, Energy Consumption, Urbanization and Trade Openness for Selected CEECs. Research in World Economy, 7(1), 52-58. Dinda, S. (2004), Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: A survey. Ecological Economics, 49(4), 431-455. Gill,A.R. vd..,(2017).” Is Environmental Kuznets Curve Still Relevant?”, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 7(1), 156-165 ISSN: 2146-4553. Grossman, G. M., & Krueger, A. B. (1995). Economic growth and the environment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110, 353–377. Güler,E.Ö;Börüban,C;(2019), “Çevresel Kalite Üzerinde Endüstrinin ve Ölçek Etkisinin İncelenmesi”, Çukurova Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, Cilt:23. Sayı:1. Haziran 2019 ss.63-75. Halicioglu, F., 2008. The bilateral J-curve: Turkey versus her 13 trading partners. J. Asian Econ. 19, 236–243. Holtz-Eakin, D., Selden, T.M., 1995. Stoking the fires? CO2 emissions and economic growth. J. Public Econ. 57, 85–101. Kuznets, . (1955). “Economic growth and income inequality”. American Economic Review 45(1): 1–28. Kais, S., Sami, H., 2016. An econometric study of the impact of economic growth and energy use on carbon emissions: panel data evidence from fifty eight countries. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 59, 1101–1110. Kar,M.ve Kınık,E. (2008),”Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi Çeşitleri ve Ekonomik Büyüme Ekonometrik Bir Analizi”.Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F Dergisi 10(2).2008 syf: 333-353. Lean,H.H.;Smyth,R:2010, Co2 Emissions, Electricity Consumption and Output in Asean, Applied Energy 87:1858-1864. Lieb, C.M. (2004), The environmental Kuznets curve and flow versus stock pollution: The neglect of future damages. Environmental and Resource Economics, 29(4), 483-506. Mardani,A; Streimikiene,D;Cavallaro,F;Loganathan,N; Khoshnoudi,M., (2019), Carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth: a systematic review of two decades of research from 1995 to 2017, Science of total environment 649:31-49. Narayan, P.K. ve R. Smyth (2005), ‘’Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth i Fiji. An Empirical Assesment Using the ARDL Approach’’, Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 10(1), 96-115. Narayan, P.K. ve S. Narayan (2005), ‘’ Estimating Income and Price Elasticities of Imports For Fiji in a Cointegration Framework’’, Economic Modelling, 22, 423-438 Ozturk, I. (2010). A literature survey on energy–growth nexus. Energy Policy, 38:340-349. Ozturk, I., Al-Mulali, U. (2015), “Investigating the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Cambodia”, Ecological Indicators, 57, 324-330. Pesaran, M. H., Y. Shin ve R.J. Smith (2001), ‘’Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships’’, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16,289-326. Pesaran,H, (1997), “The Role of Economic Theory in Modelling the Long Run”,The Economic Journal, Vol. 107, No. 440 (Jan., 1997), pp. 178-191. Panayotou, T. (1993), “Empirical Tests and Policy Analysis of Environmental Degradation at Different Stages of Economic Development”, Geneva: International Labour Organization. Shahbaz, M., Dube, S., Ozturk, I., Jalil, A. (2015), “Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Portugal”, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 5(2), 475-481. Sinha, D.R. (2010), “The environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis and legacy pollution: A Geohistorical Analysis of the Environmental Consequences of Industrialization in Worcester”, Massachusetts. The Industrial Geographer, 7(1), 1-18. Stern, D.I. (2004), “The rise and fall of the environmental Kuznets curve”, World Development, 32(8), 1419-1439. Sarı ve Soytaş,U., (2009), Are global warming and economic growth combatable?Evidence from five OPEC countries. Applied Energy 86, 1887-1893. Soytaş, U., Sari, R., Ewing, B.T. (2007), Energy consumption, income, and carbon emissions in the United States. Ecological Economics, 62(3-4), 482-489. Available online at: http://upiyptk. ac.id/Ekonomi/Soytas_Energy_US.pdf Zhao, X., Zhang, X., Li, N., Shao, S., Geng, Y., 2017. Decoupling economic growth from carbon dioxide emissions in China: a sectoral factor decomposition analysis. J. Clean. Prod. 142, 3500–3516.
Toplam 2 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 2 Ağustos 2019 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 27 Haziran 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1 |
