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Bukalemun Liderlik: Değişen Şartlara Uyum Sağlamak mı? Kriz Durumlarında Saklanmak mı?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 45 - 54, 30.06.2023

Öz

Liderlik, insanları istenen amaçlar doğrultusunda yönlendirebilme ve onları yönetebilme sürecidir. Bütün örgütlerin temel hedefi de örgütsel amaçların gerçekleştirilmesi olduğu için, liderlik yıllardır çalışılan ve hala çalışılmakta olan bir konudur. Dolayısıyla da literatüre sürekli yeni türleri eklenmektedir. Bu liderlik türlerinden bazıları -pozitif liderlik, katılımcı liderlik, etik liderlik, dönüşümcü liderlik gibi- “iyi” liderlik türleri olarak nitelendirilirken, diğerleri -toksik liderlik, kibirli liderlik, prozac liderlik gibi- “kötü” liderlik türleri olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Ancak liderlik literatürüne 2006 yılında giren ve bukalemunu bir metafor olarak kullanan “Bukalemun Liderlik” için durum biraz farklıdır. Çünkü bukalemun liderlik, farklı yazarlar tarafından farklı şekillerde yorumlanmaktadır. Bazı yazarlar bu liderlik türünü, değişen şartlara uyum sağlama anlamında, “iyi”; bazıları ise kriz durumunda saklanma anlamında, “kötü” liderlik türü olarak ifade etmişlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da farklı şekillerde nitelendirilen “Bukalemun Liderlik” kavramının irdelenmesidir. Bu amaçla, çalışmada öncelikle bukalemun liderlik kavramı ve boyutları tanımlanmış, daha sonra da bukalemun liderliğin özelliklerine ve ilgili kavramlara yer verilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, C. R. ve Schneier, C. E. (1978). Locus of Control, Leader Behavior and Leader Performance Among Management Students. Academy of Management Journal, 21(4), 690-698.
  • Ayman, R., Chemers, M. M. & Fiedler, F. (1995). The Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness: Its Levels of Analysis. Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 147-167.
  • Bacanlı, H. (1990). Kendini Ayarlama Becerisinin Çeşitli Değişkenlerle İlişkisi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • BBC News Türkçe (2018). Bukalemunlar Nasıl ve Neden Renk Değiştirir? Erişim Adresi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z47gor00EmI Erişim Tarihi: 22.01.2023
  • Bedeian, A. G. & Day, D. V. (2004). Can Chameleons Lead? The Leadership Quarterly, 15: 687–718.
  • Blom, M. & Alvesson, M. (2014). Leadership On Demand: Followers as Initiators and Inhibitors of Managerial Leadership. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 30(3): 344–57. doi: 10.1016/j.scaman.2013.10.006.
  • Bushor, C. (2020). Do You Practice Chameleon Leadership? Leadership Life. Erişim Adresi: https://medium.com/leadershiplife/do-you-practice-chameleon-leadership-c64bcb0563b5 Erişim Tarihi: 16.03.2023
  • Chartrand, T. L. & Bargh, J. A. (1999). The Chameleon Effect: The Perception-Behavior Link and Social Interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(6): 893-910. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.76.6.893
  • Conger, J.A. (2004). Developing Leadership Capability: What's Inside The Black Box? Academy of Management Executive, 18(3), 136–139.
  • Çelik Şahin, Ç., Avcı, Y. E. & Anık, S. (2020). Dijital Liderlik Algısının Metaforlar Yoluyla İncelenmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(73): 271-286.
  • Dumitriu, C., Timofti, I. C., Nechita, E. & Dumitriu, G. (2014). The Influence of the Locus of Control and Decision-making Capacity upon the Leadership Style. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 141: 494–499.
  • Durrah, O. & Kahwaji, A. (2022). Chameleon Leadership and Innovative Behavior in the Health Sector: The Mediation Role of Job Security. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal. doi: 10.1007/s10672-022-09414-5
  • Gangestad, S. & Synder, M. (1985). To Carve Nature at Its Joints: On the Existence of Discrete Classes in Personality. Psychological Review, 92: 317-349.
  • Goleman, D. (2001). The Emotionally Intelligent Workplace içinde An EI-Based Theory of Performance (ss.27-44) Ed.: Cary Cherniss and Daniel Goleman, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Gormley-Heenan, C. (2006). Chameleonic Leadership: Towards a New Understanding of Political Leadership During the Northern Ireland Peace Process. Leadership, 2(1): 53–75. doi: 10.1177/1742715006060653
  • Hacıfazlıoğlu, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş. & Dalgıç, G. (2011). School Administrators’ Perceptions of Technology Leadership: An Example for Metaphor Analysis. Journal of Educational Sciences Research, 1(1): 97-121.
  • Howell, J. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, locus of control, and support for innovation: Key predictors of consolidated-business-unit performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(6), 891–902. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.78.6.891
  • Kilduff, M. & Day, D. V. (1994). Do Chameleons Get Ahead? The Effects of Self-Monitoring on Managerial Careers. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 1047-1060.
  • Kurzius, E. (2015). The Extraverted Chameleon: Personality’s Efects on Mimicry of Verbal Behavior. Journal of Individual Differences. doi: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000159
  • Lakin, J. L., Jefferis, V. E., Cheng, C. M. & Chartrand, T. L. (2003). The Chameleon Effect as Social Glue: Evidence for the Evolutionary Significance of Nonconscious Mimicry. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 27: 145–162. doi: 10.1023/A:1025389814290
  • Low, P. K. C. & Ang, S.-L. (2010). Leadership Lessons from the Animal Kingdom. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.1559575
  • Mallikarjuna, B. & Rao, K. H. (2021). Locus of Control, Leading Teams, Leadership Challenges, Leadership Development, Personal Effectiveness. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 8(7): 721-727.
  • Manichander, T. (2014). Locus of Control and Performance: Widening Applicabilities. Indian Journal of Research, 3(2): 84-86.
  • Massoudi. A. (2022). Reviving Performance by Adopting Chameleon Style of Leadership. Journal of Management and Business Education, 5(1): 1-19. doi: 10.35564/jmbe.2022.0001
  • Mhizha, A. (2014). Application of the ‘Chameleon Survival Strategy Model’ in the Study of Strategic Management in Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises. International Journal of Innovative Research & Development, 3(6): 216-225.
  • Oberlechner, T. & Mayer-Schoenberger, V. (2002). “Through Their Own Words: Towards a New Understanding of Leadership through Metaphors.” John F. Kennedy School of Government (Harvard University) Faculty Research Working Papers Series.
  • Onağ, Z., Kaya, E. & Dönmez, E. (2011). Metaphorical Perceptions of Sports Management Students in Turkey with regard to “Leadership” Notion. African Educational Research Journal, 9(3): 807-816. doi: 10.30918/AERJ.93.21.112
  • Price, T. L. (2008). Leadership Ethics: An Introduction. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Promsri, C. (2018). The Influence of External Locus of Control on Life Stress: Evidence from Graduate Students in Thailand. International Journal of Social Sciences Perspectives, 3(1): 38-41. doi: 10.33094/7.2017.2018.31.38.41
  • Rotter, J. B. (1990). Self-interest and Other-orientation in Organizational Behavior: Implications for Job Performance, Prosocial Behavior and Personal Initiative. American Psychologist, 45(4): 489-493.
  • Ruiz-Palomino, P. & Banon-Gomis, A. (2017). The Negative Impact of chameleon-inducing personalities on employees' ethical work intentions: The mediating role of Machiavellianism. European Management Journal, 35(1): 102-115. doi: 10.1016/j.emj.2016.02.010
  • Sadruddin, M. M. (2023). Chameleon Theory of Leadership in Education and Research. Erişim Adresi: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4352418 Erişim Tarihi: 16.03.2023
  • Šimanauskiene, V., Giedraityte, V. & Navickiene, O. (2021). The Role of Military Leadership in Shaping Innovative Personnel Behaviour: The Case of the Lithuanian Armed Forces. Sustainability, 13, 9283. doi: 10.3390/su13169283
  • Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of Expressive Behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30(4): 526–537. doi: 10.1037/h0037039
  • Tyskbo, D. & Styhre, A. (2022): Karma Chameleon: Exploring the Leadership Complexities of Middle Managers in the Public Sector. International Public Management Journal, 1-22. doi: 10.1080/10967494.2022.2106330
  • Williams, J. (2022). Leadership - Advancing Great Leadership Practices and Good Leaders içinde Chameleon Leadership and Traits to Serve on a Global Scale (ss. 1-10) Ed.: Joseph Crawford. IntechOpen, Open Access Peer-Reviewed Chapter. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.108325
  • Williams, J. A, Roberts, C. & Bosselman, R. (2011). Youth Sports and the Emergence of Chameleon Leadership. Journal of Leadership Studies, 5(3): 6-12. doi: 10.1002/jls.20227

Chameleon Leadership: Adapting to Changing Conditions? Hiding in Crisis Situations?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 45 - 54, 30.06.2023

Öz

Leadership is the process of directing and managing people toward desired goals. Since the main objective of all organizations is to achieve goals, leadership is a topic that has been researched for years and is still being researched. As a result, new leadership types are constantly being introduced in the literature. While some of these leadership types - such as positive leadership, participative leadership, ethical leadership, and transformational leadership - are referred to as good leadership, others - such as toxic leadership, overbearing leadership, and Prozac leadership - are classified as bad leadership. However, the situation is somewhat different with chameleon leadership, which has entered the leadership literature since 2006 and uses the chameleon as a metaphor. This is because chameleon leadership has been interpreted in different ways by different authors. Some authors have described this type of leadership as good in the sense of adapting to changing conditions, while others have described it as a bad type of leadership in the sense of hiding in a crisis situation. The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of chameleon leadership, which has been characterized in different ways. To this end, the study first defined the concept of chameleon leadership and its dimensions, and then included the characteristics of chameleon leadership and related concepts.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, C. R. ve Schneier, C. E. (1978). Locus of Control, Leader Behavior and Leader Performance Among Management Students. Academy of Management Journal, 21(4), 690-698.
  • Ayman, R., Chemers, M. M. & Fiedler, F. (1995). The Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness: Its Levels of Analysis. Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 147-167.
  • Bacanlı, H. (1990). Kendini Ayarlama Becerisinin Çeşitli Değişkenlerle İlişkisi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • BBC News Türkçe (2018). Bukalemunlar Nasıl ve Neden Renk Değiştirir? Erişim Adresi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z47gor00EmI Erişim Tarihi: 22.01.2023
  • Bedeian, A. G. & Day, D. V. (2004). Can Chameleons Lead? The Leadership Quarterly, 15: 687–718.
  • Blom, M. & Alvesson, M. (2014). Leadership On Demand: Followers as Initiators and Inhibitors of Managerial Leadership. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 30(3): 344–57. doi: 10.1016/j.scaman.2013.10.006.
  • Bushor, C. (2020). Do You Practice Chameleon Leadership? Leadership Life. Erişim Adresi: https://medium.com/leadershiplife/do-you-practice-chameleon-leadership-c64bcb0563b5 Erişim Tarihi: 16.03.2023
  • Chartrand, T. L. & Bargh, J. A. (1999). The Chameleon Effect: The Perception-Behavior Link and Social Interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(6): 893-910. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.76.6.893
  • Conger, J.A. (2004). Developing Leadership Capability: What's Inside The Black Box? Academy of Management Executive, 18(3), 136–139.
  • Çelik Şahin, Ç., Avcı, Y. E. & Anık, S. (2020). Dijital Liderlik Algısının Metaforlar Yoluyla İncelenmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(73): 271-286.
  • Dumitriu, C., Timofti, I. C., Nechita, E. & Dumitriu, G. (2014). The Influence of the Locus of Control and Decision-making Capacity upon the Leadership Style. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 141: 494–499.
  • Durrah, O. & Kahwaji, A. (2022). Chameleon Leadership and Innovative Behavior in the Health Sector: The Mediation Role of Job Security. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal. doi: 10.1007/s10672-022-09414-5
  • Gangestad, S. & Synder, M. (1985). To Carve Nature at Its Joints: On the Existence of Discrete Classes in Personality. Psychological Review, 92: 317-349.
  • Goleman, D. (2001). The Emotionally Intelligent Workplace içinde An EI-Based Theory of Performance (ss.27-44) Ed.: Cary Cherniss and Daniel Goleman, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Gormley-Heenan, C. (2006). Chameleonic Leadership: Towards a New Understanding of Political Leadership During the Northern Ireland Peace Process. Leadership, 2(1): 53–75. doi: 10.1177/1742715006060653
  • Hacıfazlıoğlu, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş. & Dalgıç, G. (2011). School Administrators’ Perceptions of Technology Leadership: An Example for Metaphor Analysis. Journal of Educational Sciences Research, 1(1): 97-121.
  • Howell, J. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, locus of control, and support for innovation: Key predictors of consolidated-business-unit performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(6), 891–902. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.78.6.891
  • Kilduff, M. & Day, D. V. (1994). Do Chameleons Get Ahead? The Effects of Self-Monitoring on Managerial Careers. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 1047-1060.
  • Kurzius, E. (2015). The Extraverted Chameleon: Personality’s Efects on Mimicry of Verbal Behavior. Journal of Individual Differences. doi: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000159
  • Lakin, J. L., Jefferis, V. E., Cheng, C. M. & Chartrand, T. L. (2003). The Chameleon Effect as Social Glue: Evidence for the Evolutionary Significance of Nonconscious Mimicry. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 27: 145–162. doi: 10.1023/A:1025389814290
  • Low, P. K. C. & Ang, S.-L. (2010). Leadership Lessons from the Animal Kingdom. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.1559575
  • Mallikarjuna, B. & Rao, K. H. (2021). Locus of Control, Leading Teams, Leadership Challenges, Leadership Development, Personal Effectiveness. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 8(7): 721-727.
  • Manichander, T. (2014). Locus of Control and Performance: Widening Applicabilities. Indian Journal of Research, 3(2): 84-86.
  • Massoudi. A. (2022). Reviving Performance by Adopting Chameleon Style of Leadership. Journal of Management and Business Education, 5(1): 1-19. doi: 10.35564/jmbe.2022.0001
  • Mhizha, A. (2014). Application of the ‘Chameleon Survival Strategy Model’ in the Study of Strategic Management in Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises. International Journal of Innovative Research & Development, 3(6): 216-225.
  • Oberlechner, T. & Mayer-Schoenberger, V. (2002). “Through Their Own Words: Towards a New Understanding of Leadership through Metaphors.” John F. Kennedy School of Government (Harvard University) Faculty Research Working Papers Series.
  • Onağ, Z., Kaya, E. & Dönmez, E. (2011). Metaphorical Perceptions of Sports Management Students in Turkey with regard to “Leadership” Notion. African Educational Research Journal, 9(3): 807-816. doi: 10.30918/AERJ.93.21.112
  • Price, T. L. (2008). Leadership Ethics: An Introduction. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Promsri, C. (2018). The Influence of External Locus of Control on Life Stress: Evidence from Graduate Students in Thailand. International Journal of Social Sciences Perspectives, 3(1): 38-41. doi: 10.33094/7.2017.2018.31.38.41
  • Rotter, J. B. (1990). Self-interest and Other-orientation in Organizational Behavior: Implications for Job Performance, Prosocial Behavior and Personal Initiative. American Psychologist, 45(4): 489-493.
  • Ruiz-Palomino, P. & Banon-Gomis, A. (2017). The Negative Impact of chameleon-inducing personalities on employees' ethical work intentions: The mediating role of Machiavellianism. European Management Journal, 35(1): 102-115. doi: 10.1016/j.emj.2016.02.010
  • Sadruddin, M. M. (2023). Chameleon Theory of Leadership in Education and Research. Erişim Adresi: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4352418 Erişim Tarihi: 16.03.2023
  • Šimanauskiene, V., Giedraityte, V. & Navickiene, O. (2021). The Role of Military Leadership in Shaping Innovative Personnel Behaviour: The Case of the Lithuanian Armed Forces. Sustainability, 13, 9283. doi: 10.3390/su13169283
  • Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of Expressive Behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30(4): 526–537. doi: 10.1037/h0037039
  • Tyskbo, D. & Styhre, A. (2022): Karma Chameleon: Exploring the Leadership Complexities of Middle Managers in the Public Sector. International Public Management Journal, 1-22. doi: 10.1080/10967494.2022.2106330
  • Williams, J. (2022). Leadership - Advancing Great Leadership Practices and Good Leaders içinde Chameleon Leadership and Traits to Serve on a Global Scale (ss. 1-10) Ed.: Joseph Crawford. IntechOpen, Open Access Peer-Reviewed Chapter. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.108325
  • Williams, J. A, Roberts, C. & Bosselman, R. (2011). Youth Sports and the Emergence of Chameleon Leadership. Journal of Leadership Studies, 5(3): 6-12. doi: 10.1002/jls.20227
Toplam 37 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ülkühan Bike Esen 0000-0002-0967-2140

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Mart 2023
Kabul Tarihi 17 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Esen, Ü. B. (2023). Bukalemun Liderlik: Değişen Şartlara Uyum Sağlamak mı? Kriz Durumlarında Saklanmak mı?. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(1), 45-54.
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.