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Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 23.03.2023

Abstract

Supporting Institution

İstanbul Okan Üniversitesi

References

  • 1. Yang, T. H., Hsu, P. Y., Meng, M., & Su, C. C. (2015). Supplement of 5-hydroxytryptophan before induction suppresses inflammation and collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis research & therapy, 17(1), 1-12.
  • 2. Sharma, A., Castellani, R. J., Smith, M. A., Muresanu, D. F., Dey, P. K., & Sharma, H. S. (2019). 5-Hydroxytryptophan: A precursor of serotonin influences regional blood-brain barrier breakdown, cerebral blood flow, brain edema formation, and neuropathology. In International Review of Neurobiology (Vol. 146, pp. 1-44). Academic Press.
  • 3. Pappert, E. J., Goetz, C. G., Stebbins, G. T., Belden, M., & Carvey, P. M. (1998). 5-Hydroxytryptophan-induced myoclonus in guinea pigs: Mediation through 5-HT1/2 receptor subtypes. European journal of pharmacology, 347(1), 51-56.
  • 4. Zhao, F., Ma, C., Zhao, G., Wang, G., Li, X., & Yang, K. (2019). Rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan improves sheep melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland and intestinal tract. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 25, 3605.
  • 5. Weaver, S. R., Prichard, A. S., Maerz, N. L., Prichard, A. P., Endres, E. L., Hernández-Castellano, L. E., ... & Hernandez, L. L. (2017). Elevating serotonin pre-partum alters the Holstein dairy cow hepatic adaptation to lactation. PloS one, 12(9), e0184939.
  • 6. Kious, B. M., Sabic, H., Sung, Y. H., Kondo, D. G., & Renshaw, P. (2017). An open-label pilot study of combined augmentation with creatine monohydrate and 5-hydroxytryptophan for SSRI-or SNRI-resistant depression in adult women. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 37(5), 578.
  • 7. Coutinho, S. R., Rehfeld, J. F., Holst, J. J., Kulseng, B., & Martins, C. (2018). Impact of weight loss achieved through a multidisciplinary intervention on appetite in patients with severe obesity. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism.
  • 8. King, N. A., Caudwell, P. P., Hopkins, M., Stubbs, J. R., Naslund, E., & Blundell, J. E. (2009). Dual-process action of exercise on appetite control: Increase in orexigenic drive but improvement in meal-induced satiety. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 90(4), 921-927.
  • 9. Beck Jørgensen, S., O’Neill, H. M., Hewitt, K., Kemp, B. E., & Steinberg, G. R. (2009). Reduced AMP-activated protein kinase activity in mouse skeletal muscle does not exacerbate the development of insulin resistance with obesity. Diabetologia, 52(11), 2395-2404.
  • 10. Rondanelli, M., Opizzi, A., Faliva, M., Bucci, M., & Perna, S. (2012). Relationship between the absorption of 5-hydroxytryptophan from an integrated diet, by means of Griffonia simplicifolia extract, and the effect on satiety in overweight females after oral spray administration. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 17(1), e22-e28.
  • 11. Paul, L., Ueland, P. M., & Selhub, J. (2013). Mechanistic perspective on the relationship between pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and inflammation. Nutrition reviews, 71(4), 239-244.
  • 12. Jangid, P., Malik, P., Singh, P., & Sharma, M. (2013). Comparative study of efficacy of l-5-hydroxytryptophan and fluoxetine in patients presenting with first depressive episode. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 6(1), 29-34. 13. Nihalani, N. D., Schwartz, T., & Chlebowski, S. (2006). Fibromyalgia: A Review for the Psychiatrist. Psychiatry (Edgmont), 3(4), 44.
  • 14. Hamel, E., & Currents, H. (2007). Serotonin and migraine: Biology and clinical implications. Cephalalgia, 27(11), 1293-1300.
  • 15. Puri, S., Puri, V., & Aggarwal, M. (2012). Serotonin and CGRP in Migraine. Annals of Neurosciences, 19(2).
  • 16. Matsui, A., Jarvie, B. C., Robinson, B. G., Hentges, S. T., & Williams, J. T. (2014). Separate GABA afferents to dopamine neurons mediate acute action of opioids, development of tolerance, and expression of withdrawal. Neuron, 82(6), 1346-1356.
  • 17. Hong, K. B., Park, Y., & Suh, H. J. (2016). Sleep-promoting effects of the GABA/5-HTP mixture in vertebrate models. Behavioural Brain Research, 310, 36-41.
  • 18. Bruni, O., Violani, C., Luchetti, A., Miano, S., Verrillo, E., Di Brina, C., & Valente, D. (2004). The sleep knowledge of pediatricians and child neuropsychiatrists. Sleep and Hypnosis, 6, 130-138.
  • 19. Emanuele, E., Bertona, M., Minoretti, P., & Geroldi, D. (2010). An open-label trial of L-5-hydroxytryptophan in subjects with romantic stress. Neuroendocrinology Letters, 31(5), 663.
  • 20. Ribeiro RA, Vale ML, Thomazzi SM, Paschoalato AB, Poole S, Ferreira SH, Cunha FQ. (2000). Involvement of resident macrophages and mast cells in the writhing nociceptive response induced by zymosan and acetic acid in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 387, 111–118.
  • 21. Meloni, M., Puligheddu, M., Sanna, F., Cannas, A., Farris, R., Tronci, E., ... & Carta, M. (2020). Efficacy and safety of 5-Hydroxytryptophan on levodopa-induced motor complications in Parkinson's disease: A preliminary finding. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 415, 116869.
  • 22. Rondanelli, M., Opizzi, A., Faliva, M., Bucci, M., & Perna, S. (2012). Relationship between the absorption of 5-hydroxytryptophan from an integrated diet, by means of Griffonia simplicifolia extract, and the effect on satiety in overweight females after oral spray administration. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 17(1), e22-e28.
  • 23. Amer, A., Breu, J., McDermott, J., Wurtman, R. J., & Maher, T. J. (2004). 5-Hydroxy-L- tryptophan suppresses food intake in food-deprived and stressed rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 77(1), 137-143.
  • 24. Dreshfield-Ahmad, L. J., Thompson, D. C., Schaus, J. M., & Wong, D. T. (2000). Enhancement in extracellular serotonin levels by 5-hydroxytryptophan loading after administration of WAY 100635 and fluoxetine. Life Sciences, 66(21), 2035-2041.
  • 25. Hong, K. B., Park, Y., & Suh, H. J. (2016). Sleep-promoting effects of a GABA/5-HTP mixture: Behavioral changes and neuromodulation in an invertebrate model. Life sciences, 150, 42-49.
  • 26. Kojima, S. I., Ikeda, M., & Kamikawa, Y. (2000). Investigation into the 5-hydroxytryptophan-evoked luminal 5-hydroxytryptamine release from the guinea pig colon. The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, 84(2), 174-178.
  • 27. Heisler, L. K., Jobst EE, Sutton GM, Zhou L, Borok E, Thornton-Jones Z, Liu HY, Zigman JM, Balthasar N, Kishi T, Lee CE, Aschkenasi CJ, Zhang CY, Yu J, Boss O, Mountjoy KG, Clifton PG, Lowell BB, Friedman JM, Horvath T, Butler AA, Elmquist JK, Cowley MA. (2006). Serotonin reciprocally regulates melanocortin neurons to modulate food intake. Neuron, 51, 239-249.
  • 28. Hecht, G., Koutsouris, A., Pothoulakis, C., LaMont, J. T., & Madara, J. L. (1992). Clostridium difficile toxin B disrupts the barrier function of T84 monolayers. Gastroenterology, 102(2), 416-423.
  • 29. Nakatani, Y., Sato‐Suzuki, I., Tsujino, N., Nakasato, A., Seki, Y., Fumoto, M., & Arita, H. (2008). Augmented brain 5‐HT crosses the blood–brain barrier through the 5‐HT transporter in rat. European Journal of Neuroscience, 27(9), 2466-2472.
  • 30. Sorrentino, M., & Ragozzino, G. (2017). The regulation of food intake: The brain-endocrine network. International of Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1(1), 41-48.

Effects of 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-Htp) Nutritional Supplement on Health

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 23.03.2023

Abstract

5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is an amino acid that the body synthesizes spontaneously. It is also known as the active metabolite of L-Tryptophan amino acid. L-Tryptophan participates in the production of serotonin in the body. The body uses 5-HTP to produce the chemical hormone serotonin, which sends signals to nerve cells. Low levels of serotonin are associated with susceptibility to depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, weight gain, and other health problems. In various clinical studies, 5-HTP has also been reported to treat fibromyalgia, myoclonus, migraine and cerebellar ataxia. Positive effects of 5-HTP have been observed in human and animal studies for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. However, it has been proven in human clinical studies that it supports weight control by providing satiety and is effective on obesity treatment. 5-HTP supplements are thought to treat depression by increasing serotonin levels. In addition, studies show that the potential antidepressant effects of 5-HTP are stronger when combined with other substances or antidepressant drugs than when they are used alone. Increasing the production of serotonin in the body has several therapeutic effects. Therefore, 5-Hydroxytryptophan is effective in eliminating sleep disorders and improving sleep quality by increasing melatonin production. Nutritional supplements containing 5-Hydroxytryptophan are becoming increasingly popular, as it plays an important role in producing serotonin. Caution should be exercised when using it in combination with antidepressants or other interacting nutritional supplements. Some medications can increase serotonin production. Combining these drugs with 5-HTP can cause dangerous levels of serotonin in the body. Care should be taken when using 5-HTP nutritional support, and as with all other nutritional supplements, it should be used under doctor's control and daily dosages should be observed. Using the wrong dosage can lead to gastrointestinal system disorders such as diarrhea, vomiting, stomach pain. In addition, different dosages and usage times are recommended for different effects. However, these clinical findings, like all therapeutic findings for 5-HTP, are preliminary and need to be confirmed by further research.

References

  • 1. Yang, T. H., Hsu, P. Y., Meng, M., & Su, C. C. (2015). Supplement of 5-hydroxytryptophan before induction suppresses inflammation and collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis research & therapy, 17(1), 1-12.
  • 2. Sharma, A., Castellani, R. J., Smith, M. A., Muresanu, D. F., Dey, P. K., & Sharma, H. S. (2019). 5-Hydroxytryptophan: A precursor of serotonin influences regional blood-brain barrier breakdown, cerebral blood flow, brain edema formation, and neuropathology. In International Review of Neurobiology (Vol. 146, pp. 1-44). Academic Press.
  • 3. Pappert, E. J., Goetz, C. G., Stebbins, G. T., Belden, M., & Carvey, P. M. (1998). 5-Hydroxytryptophan-induced myoclonus in guinea pigs: Mediation through 5-HT1/2 receptor subtypes. European journal of pharmacology, 347(1), 51-56.
  • 4. Zhao, F., Ma, C., Zhao, G., Wang, G., Li, X., & Yang, K. (2019). Rumen-protected 5-hydroxytryptophan improves sheep melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland and intestinal tract. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 25, 3605.
  • 5. Weaver, S. R., Prichard, A. S., Maerz, N. L., Prichard, A. P., Endres, E. L., Hernández-Castellano, L. E., ... & Hernandez, L. L. (2017). Elevating serotonin pre-partum alters the Holstein dairy cow hepatic adaptation to lactation. PloS one, 12(9), e0184939.
  • 6. Kious, B. M., Sabic, H., Sung, Y. H., Kondo, D. G., & Renshaw, P. (2017). An open-label pilot study of combined augmentation with creatine monohydrate and 5-hydroxytryptophan for SSRI-or SNRI-resistant depression in adult women. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 37(5), 578.
  • 7. Coutinho, S. R., Rehfeld, J. F., Holst, J. J., Kulseng, B., & Martins, C. (2018). Impact of weight loss achieved through a multidisciplinary intervention on appetite in patients with severe obesity. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism.
  • 8. King, N. A., Caudwell, P. P., Hopkins, M., Stubbs, J. R., Naslund, E., & Blundell, J. E. (2009). Dual-process action of exercise on appetite control: Increase in orexigenic drive but improvement in meal-induced satiety. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 90(4), 921-927.
  • 9. Beck Jørgensen, S., O’Neill, H. M., Hewitt, K., Kemp, B. E., & Steinberg, G. R. (2009). Reduced AMP-activated protein kinase activity in mouse skeletal muscle does not exacerbate the development of insulin resistance with obesity. Diabetologia, 52(11), 2395-2404.
  • 10. Rondanelli, M., Opizzi, A., Faliva, M., Bucci, M., & Perna, S. (2012). Relationship between the absorption of 5-hydroxytryptophan from an integrated diet, by means of Griffonia simplicifolia extract, and the effect on satiety in overweight females after oral spray administration. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 17(1), e22-e28.
  • 11. Paul, L., Ueland, P. M., & Selhub, J. (2013). Mechanistic perspective on the relationship between pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and inflammation. Nutrition reviews, 71(4), 239-244.
  • 12. Jangid, P., Malik, P., Singh, P., & Sharma, M. (2013). Comparative study of efficacy of l-5-hydroxytryptophan and fluoxetine in patients presenting with first depressive episode. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 6(1), 29-34. 13. Nihalani, N. D., Schwartz, T., & Chlebowski, S. (2006). Fibromyalgia: A Review for the Psychiatrist. Psychiatry (Edgmont), 3(4), 44.
  • 14. Hamel, E., & Currents, H. (2007). Serotonin and migraine: Biology and clinical implications. Cephalalgia, 27(11), 1293-1300.
  • 15. Puri, S., Puri, V., & Aggarwal, M. (2012). Serotonin and CGRP in Migraine. Annals of Neurosciences, 19(2).
  • 16. Matsui, A., Jarvie, B. C., Robinson, B. G., Hentges, S. T., & Williams, J. T. (2014). Separate GABA afferents to dopamine neurons mediate acute action of opioids, development of tolerance, and expression of withdrawal. Neuron, 82(6), 1346-1356.
  • 17. Hong, K. B., Park, Y., & Suh, H. J. (2016). Sleep-promoting effects of the GABA/5-HTP mixture in vertebrate models. Behavioural Brain Research, 310, 36-41.
  • 18. Bruni, O., Violani, C., Luchetti, A., Miano, S., Verrillo, E., Di Brina, C., & Valente, D. (2004). The sleep knowledge of pediatricians and child neuropsychiatrists. Sleep and Hypnosis, 6, 130-138.
  • 19. Emanuele, E., Bertona, M., Minoretti, P., & Geroldi, D. (2010). An open-label trial of L-5-hydroxytryptophan in subjects with romantic stress. Neuroendocrinology Letters, 31(5), 663.
  • 20. Ribeiro RA, Vale ML, Thomazzi SM, Paschoalato AB, Poole S, Ferreira SH, Cunha FQ. (2000). Involvement of resident macrophages and mast cells in the writhing nociceptive response induced by zymosan and acetic acid in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 387, 111–118.
  • 21. Meloni, M., Puligheddu, M., Sanna, F., Cannas, A., Farris, R., Tronci, E., ... & Carta, M. (2020). Efficacy and safety of 5-Hydroxytryptophan on levodopa-induced motor complications in Parkinson's disease: A preliminary finding. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 415, 116869.
  • 22. Rondanelli, M., Opizzi, A., Faliva, M., Bucci, M., & Perna, S. (2012). Relationship between the absorption of 5-hydroxytryptophan from an integrated diet, by means of Griffonia simplicifolia extract, and the effect on satiety in overweight females after oral spray administration. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 17(1), e22-e28.
  • 23. Amer, A., Breu, J., McDermott, J., Wurtman, R. J., & Maher, T. J. (2004). 5-Hydroxy-L- tryptophan suppresses food intake in food-deprived and stressed rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 77(1), 137-143.
  • 24. Dreshfield-Ahmad, L. J., Thompson, D. C., Schaus, J. M., & Wong, D. T. (2000). Enhancement in extracellular serotonin levels by 5-hydroxytryptophan loading after administration of WAY 100635 and fluoxetine. Life Sciences, 66(21), 2035-2041.
  • 25. Hong, K. B., Park, Y., & Suh, H. J. (2016). Sleep-promoting effects of a GABA/5-HTP mixture: Behavioral changes and neuromodulation in an invertebrate model. Life sciences, 150, 42-49.
  • 26. Kojima, S. I., Ikeda, M., & Kamikawa, Y. (2000). Investigation into the 5-hydroxytryptophan-evoked luminal 5-hydroxytryptamine release from the guinea pig colon. The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, 84(2), 174-178.
  • 27. Heisler, L. K., Jobst EE, Sutton GM, Zhou L, Borok E, Thornton-Jones Z, Liu HY, Zigman JM, Balthasar N, Kishi T, Lee CE, Aschkenasi CJ, Zhang CY, Yu J, Boss O, Mountjoy KG, Clifton PG, Lowell BB, Friedman JM, Horvath T, Butler AA, Elmquist JK, Cowley MA. (2006). Serotonin reciprocally regulates melanocortin neurons to modulate food intake. Neuron, 51, 239-249.
  • 28. Hecht, G., Koutsouris, A., Pothoulakis, C., LaMont, J. T., & Madara, J. L. (1992). Clostridium difficile toxin B disrupts the barrier function of T84 monolayers. Gastroenterology, 102(2), 416-423.
  • 29. Nakatani, Y., Sato‐Suzuki, I., Tsujino, N., Nakasato, A., Seki, Y., Fumoto, M., & Arita, H. (2008). Augmented brain 5‐HT crosses the blood–brain barrier through the 5‐HT transporter in rat. European Journal of Neuroscience, 27(9), 2466-2472.
  • 30. Sorrentino, M., & Ragozzino, G. (2017). The regulation of food intake: The brain-endocrine network. International of Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1(1), 41-48.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

İpek Otrav 0000-0001-5327-5954

Ahmet Murat Günal 0000-0001-9109-1080

Publication Date March 23, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE İ. Otrav and A. M. Günal, “Effects of 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-Htp) Nutritional Supplement on Health”, Journal of Innovative Healthcare Practices, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2023.