BibTex RIS Cite

İran Dış Politikasına Realist Bir Bakış: Suriye Örneği

Year 2020, Issue: 24, 701 - 720, 01.10.2020

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı İran’ın dış politikasındaki realizmi göstermektir. Genel kanının aksine, Şii kimliğinin İran’ın Ortadoğu’ya yönelik dış politikasında başat rolü olmadığı gösterilmeye çalışılacaktır. Şii kimliğinin sadece rakiplerine karşı araçsallaştırıldığı, esas önceliğinin bölgesel aktörler Suudi Arabistan ve İsrail ile birlikte ABD’ye karşı Rusya ile kurduğu ittifak olduğu görüşüne yer verilecektir. İran’ın Şii kimliği yerine realist dış politika uyguladığı tezi Suriye politikası örneği ile savunulacaktır.

References

  • Akbarzadeh, Shahram, and James Barry. “State Identity in Iranian Foreign Policy.” British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 43, no. 4 (2016): 613–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2016.1159541.
  • Akbarzadeh, Shahram, and Dara Conduit, eds. Iran In The World: Presi- dent rouhani's foreign policy. London: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2018.
  • Akbarzadeh, Shahram, and Dara Conduit. “Rouhani’s First Two Years in Office: Opportunities and Risks in Contemporary Iran.” In Ak- barzadeh; Conduit, Iran In The World, 1–15.
  • Aydın, Mustafa, and Korhan Yazgan. “Türkiye’de Uluslararası İlişkiler Akademisyenleri Eğitim, Araştırma ve Uluslararası Politika An- keti – 2011.” Uluslararası İlişkiler 9, no. 36 (2013): 3–44.
  • Bahgat, Gawdat. “Israel and Iran in the New Middle East.” Contempo- rary Security Policy 27, no. 3 (2007): 363–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260601060289.
  • Berti, Benedetta, and Yoel Guzansky. “Saudi Arabia's Foreign Policy on Iran and the Proxy War in Syria: Toward a New Chapter?” Is- rael Journal of Foreign Affairs 8, no. 3 (2015): 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/23739770.2014.11446600.
  • Brzezinski, Zbigniew. The grand chessboard: American primacy and its geostrategic imperatives by Zbigniew Brzezinski. Basic Books, 1997.
  • Chivers, C. J., and Eric Schmitt. “Saudis Step Up Help for Rebels in Syria With Croatian Arms.” The New York Times, 2013.
  • Ekşi, Muharrem. “The Syrian Crisis as a Proxy War and the Return of the Realist Great Power Politics.” Journal of Crises and Political Re- search 1, no. 2 (2017): 106–29.
  • Fulton, Will, Joseph Holliday, and Sam Wyer. “Iranian Strategy in Syria.” A joint Report by AEI’s critical threats project, Institute for the Study of War, USA, 2013.
  • Goodarzi, Jubin M. Syria and Iran: Diplomatic alliance and power politics in the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris, 2009.
  • Halliday, Fred. The Middle East in international relations: Power, politics and ideology. Contemporary Middle East 4. Cambridge: Cambrid- ge University Press, 2005.
  • Haquani, Jamai, ed. Shia crescent: Emergence of World War Three. Den- ver, CO: Outskirts Press, Inc, 2008.
  • Hürriyet Gazetesi. “Hizbullah Genel Sekreteri Nasrallah: Suudi Ara- bistan'ın yenilgisi büyük olacak.” 2015. Accessed September 3, 2019. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/dunya/hizbullah-genel- sekreteri-nasrallah-suudi-arabistanin-yenilgisi-buyuk-olacak- 28666005.
  • Karagiannis, Emmanuel. “İran’ın bölgesel güç olarak yükselişi: Şiilerin güçlendirilmesi ve buna bağlı kısıtlamalar.” Accessed Septem- ber 3, 2019. https://www.nato.int/docu/review/2016/Also-in- 2016/iran-regional-power-tehran-islamic/TR/index.htm.
  • Kibaroglu, Mustafa. “Good for the Shah, Banned for the Mullahs: The West and Iran's Quest for Nuclear Power.” The Middle East Journal 60, no. 2 (2006): 207–32. https://doi.org/10.3751/60.2.11.
  • Kibaroğlu, Mustafa. “İran’ın Nükleer Programı ve Türkiye.” Bilge Strateji 5, no. 9 (2013): 1–8.
  • Maloney, Suzanne. “Iran, Syria, And The Sectarian Challenge.” Acces- sed September 3, 2019. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/markaz/2013/07/01/iran- syria-and-the-sectarian-challenge/.
  • Marschall, Christin. Iran's Persian Gulf policy: From Khomeini to Khatami. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.
  • Meyer, Henry, Ian Wishart, and Andrey Biryukov. “Russia's Medve- dev: We Are in ‘a New Cold War’.” Bloomberg, 2016. Accessed September 3, 2019. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-02-13/russia- sees-new-cold-war-as-nato-chief-criticizes-nuclear-threat.
  • Omelicheva, Mariya Y. “Russia's Foreign Policy toward Iran: A Critical Geopolitics Perspective.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 14, no. 3 (2012): 331–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19448953.2012.720777.
  • Rakel, Eva Patricia. “Iranian Foreign Policy since the Iranian Islamic Revolution: 1979-2006.” In The Greater Middle East in global poli- tics: Social science perspectives on the changing geography of the world politics. Edited by Mehdi P. Amineh, 147–75. International studies in sociology and social anthropology, 0074-8684 v. 106. Lei- den: Brill, 2007.
  • Rich, Ben. “Gulf War 4.0: Iran, Saudi Arabia and the complexification of the Persian Gulf equation.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 23, no. 4 (2012): 471–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2012.712453.
  • Saikal, Amin. “Iran and the Changing Regional Strategic Environ- ment.” In Akbarzadeh; Conduit, Iran In The World, 17–31.
  • Salihi, Emin. “Ortadoğu'da Oluşan Yeni Dengeler ve "Şii Hilali" Söy- lemi.” Bilge Strateji 2, no. 4 (2011): 183–202.
  • Sandıklı, Atilla. “İran'ın Jeopolitiği, ABD ve Türkiye.” Accessed Sep- tember 3, 2019. http://www.bilgesam.org/incele/1344/-iran'in- jeopolitigi--abd-ve-turkiye/#.XW4pACgzbIU.
  • St. Marie, Joseph J., and Shahdad Naghshpour. Revolutionary Iran and the United States: Low-intensity conflict in the Persian Gulf. US fore- ign policy and conflict in the Islamic world. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011.
  • Takeyh, Ray. “Iran, Israel and the Politics of Terrorism.” Survival 48, no. 4 (2006): 83–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/00396330601062691.
  • Wezeman, Pieter D. “Saudi Arabia, armaments and conflict in the Middle East.” Accessed September 3, 2019. https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical- backgrounder/2018/saudi-arabia-armaments-and-conflict- middle-east.
  • Wright, Robin, and Peter Baker. “Iraq, Jordan See Threat To Election From Iran.” The Washington Post, 2004. Accessed September 3, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2004/12/08 /iraq-jordan-see-threat-to-election-from-iran/7e0cc1bc-aeb3-447a- bc9e-cfa5499699bc/.
  • Zarif, Mohammad Javad. “What Iran Really Wants: Iranian Foreign Policy in the Rouhani Era.” Foreign Affairs, 2014. Accessed Sep- tember 3, 2019. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/iran/2014-04-17/what- iran-really-wants?cid=rss-middle_east-what_iran_really_wants- 000000.
  • Zarif, Mohammad Javad. “Let Us Rid the World of Wahhabism.” New York Times, 2016. Accessed October 25, 2016. http://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/14/opinion/mohammad- javad-zarif-let-us-rid-the-world-of-wahhabism.html?_r=0, 13.09.2016.

A Realist Appraisal to the Foreign Policy of Iran: The Case of Syria

Year 2020, Issue: 24, 701 - 720, 01.10.2020

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to demonstrate the realist foreign policy of Iran. Unlike conventional wisdom, the article aims to show that Shiite identity is not the primary concern of Iranian foreign policy towards the Middle East. The Shiite identity is only instrumentalized against its rivals. The primary concern is to balance the regional rivals Saudi Arabia and Israel as well as the USA by allying with Russia. The argument that Iran pursues a realist foreign policy instead of the Shiite identity, will be supported by the case of the Syrian policy of Iran.

References

  • Akbarzadeh, Shahram, and James Barry. “State Identity in Iranian Foreign Policy.” British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 43, no. 4 (2016): 613–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2016.1159541.
  • Akbarzadeh, Shahram, and Dara Conduit, eds. Iran In The World: Presi- dent rouhani's foreign policy. London: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2018.
  • Akbarzadeh, Shahram, and Dara Conduit. “Rouhani’s First Two Years in Office: Opportunities and Risks in Contemporary Iran.” In Ak- barzadeh; Conduit, Iran In The World, 1–15.
  • Aydın, Mustafa, and Korhan Yazgan. “Türkiye’de Uluslararası İlişkiler Akademisyenleri Eğitim, Araştırma ve Uluslararası Politika An- keti – 2011.” Uluslararası İlişkiler 9, no. 36 (2013): 3–44.
  • Bahgat, Gawdat. “Israel and Iran in the New Middle East.” Contempo- rary Security Policy 27, no. 3 (2007): 363–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260601060289.
  • Berti, Benedetta, and Yoel Guzansky. “Saudi Arabia's Foreign Policy on Iran and the Proxy War in Syria: Toward a New Chapter?” Is- rael Journal of Foreign Affairs 8, no. 3 (2015): 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/23739770.2014.11446600.
  • Brzezinski, Zbigniew. The grand chessboard: American primacy and its geostrategic imperatives by Zbigniew Brzezinski. Basic Books, 1997.
  • Chivers, C. J., and Eric Schmitt. “Saudis Step Up Help for Rebels in Syria With Croatian Arms.” The New York Times, 2013.
  • Ekşi, Muharrem. “The Syrian Crisis as a Proxy War and the Return of the Realist Great Power Politics.” Journal of Crises and Political Re- search 1, no. 2 (2017): 106–29.
  • Fulton, Will, Joseph Holliday, and Sam Wyer. “Iranian Strategy in Syria.” A joint Report by AEI’s critical threats project, Institute for the Study of War, USA, 2013.
  • Goodarzi, Jubin M. Syria and Iran: Diplomatic alliance and power politics in the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris, 2009.
  • Halliday, Fred. The Middle East in international relations: Power, politics and ideology. Contemporary Middle East 4. Cambridge: Cambrid- ge University Press, 2005.
  • Haquani, Jamai, ed. Shia crescent: Emergence of World War Three. Den- ver, CO: Outskirts Press, Inc, 2008.
  • Hürriyet Gazetesi. “Hizbullah Genel Sekreteri Nasrallah: Suudi Ara- bistan'ın yenilgisi büyük olacak.” 2015. Accessed September 3, 2019. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/dunya/hizbullah-genel- sekreteri-nasrallah-suudi-arabistanin-yenilgisi-buyuk-olacak- 28666005.
  • Karagiannis, Emmanuel. “İran’ın bölgesel güç olarak yükselişi: Şiilerin güçlendirilmesi ve buna bağlı kısıtlamalar.” Accessed Septem- ber 3, 2019. https://www.nato.int/docu/review/2016/Also-in- 2016/iran-regional-power-tehran-islamic/TR/index.htm.
  • Kibaroglu, Mustafa. “Good for the Shah, Banned for the Mullahs: The West and Iran's Quest for Nuclear Power.” The Middle East Journal 60, no. 2 (2006): 207–32. https://doi.org/10.3751/60.2.11.
  • Kibaroğlu, Mustafa. “İran’ın Nükleer Programı ve Türkiye.” Bilge Strateji 5, no. 9 (2013): 1–8.
  • Maloney, Suzanne. “Iran, Syria, And The Sectarian Challenge.” Acces- sed September 3, 2019. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/markaz/2013/07/01/iran- syria-and-the-sectarian-challenge/.
  • Marschall, Christin. Iran's Persian Gulf policy: From Khomeini to Khatami. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.
  • Meyer, Henry, Ian Wishart, and Andrey Biryukov. “Russia's Medve- dev: We Are in ‘a New Cold War’.” Bloomberg, 2016. Accessed September 3, 2019. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-02-13/russia- sees-new-cold-war-as-nato-chief-criticizes-nuclear-threat.
  • Omelicheva, Mariya Y. “Russia's Foreign Policy toward Iran: A Critical Geopolitics Perspective.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 14, no. 3 (2012): 331–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19448953.2012.720777.
  • Rakel, Eva Patricia. “Iranian Foreign Policy since the Iranian Islamic Revolution: 1979-2006.” In The Greater Middle East in global poli- tics: Social science perspectives on the changing geography of the world politics. Edited by Mehdi P. Amineh, 147–75. International studies in sociology and social anthropology, 0074-8684 v. 106. Lei- den: Brill, 2007.
  • Rich, Ben. “Gulf War 4.0: Iran, Saudi Arabia and the complexification of the Persian Gulf equation.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 23, no. 4 (2012): 471–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2012.712453.
  • Saikal, Amin. “Iran and the Changing Regional Strategic Environ- ment.” In Akbarzadeh; Conduit, Iran In The World, 17–31.
  • Salihi, Emin. “Ortadoğu'da Oluşan Yeni Dengeler ve "Şii Hilali" Söy- lemi.” Bilge Strateji 2, no. 4 (2011): 183–202.
  • Sandıklı, Atilla. “İran'ın Jeopolitiği, ABD ve Türkiye.” Accessed Sep- tember 3, 2019. http://www.bilgesam.org/incele/1344/-iran'in- jeopolitigi--abd-ve-turkiye/#.XW4pACgzbIU.
  • St. Marie, Joseph J., and Shahdad Naghshpour. Revolutionary Iran and the United States: Low-intensity conflict in the Persian Gulf. US fore- ign policy and conflict in the Islamic world. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011.
  • Takeyh, Ray. “Iran, Israel and the Politics of Terrorism.” Survival 48, no. 4 (2006): 83–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/00396330601062691.
  • Wezeman, Pieter D. “Saudi Arabia, armaments and conflict in the Middle East.” Accessed September 3, 2019. https://www.sipri.org/commentary/topical- backgrounder/2018/saudi-arabia-armaments-and-conflict- middle-east.
  • Wright, Robin, and Peter Baker. “Iraq, Jordan See Threat To Election From Iran.” The Washington Post, 2004. Accessed September 3, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2004/12/08 /iraq-jordan-see-threat-to-election-from-iran/7e0cc1bc-aeb3-447a- bc9e-cfa5499699bc/.
  • Zarif, Mohammad Javad. “What Iran Really Wants: Iranian Foreign Policy in the Rouhani Era.” Foreign Affairs, 2014. Accessed Sep- tember 3, 2019. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/iran/2014-04-17/what- iran-really-wants?cid=rss-middle_east-what_iran_really_wants- 000000.
  • Zarif, Mohammad Javad. “Let Us Rid the World of Wahhabism.” New York Times, 2016. Accessed October 25, 2016. http://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/14/opinion/mohammad- javad-zarif-let-us-rid-the-world-of-wahhabism.html?_r=0, 13.09.2016.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mehmet Şahin

Osman Şen This is me

Publication Date October 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 24

Cite

APA Şahin, M., & Şen, O. (2020). İran Dış Politikasına Realist Bir Bakış: Suriye Örneği. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(24), 701-720.