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KAMU HİZMETİ EKOSİSTEMİNDE DEĞERLERLE YÖNETMEK, BÜROKRASİYİ HÜMONOKRASİYLE YENMEK

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 33, 167 - 205, 15.10.2023

Mehmet Akif Özer

https://doi.org/10.31199/hakisderg.1268693

Abstract

Bürokrasinin olumsuzlukları karşısında kamu hizmeti ekosisteminde etkin ve verimli hizmet sunum yolları yıllardır tartışılmaktadır. Bürokratik yapılardaki işlem süreleri, maliyetler, yolsuzluk ve rüşvet gibi yasadışı faaliyetlerin yaygın olma riski, karar alma süreçlerindeki hantallık, insanların kendi hedeflerini belirlemelerine ve özgürce karar vermelerine engel olan tutuculuk, katı hiyerarşik yapı ve sıkı kurallar, çalışanların yaratıcılığının engellenmesi, motivasyonlarının düşük tutulması gibi artırılabilecek birçok faktör, değişen yönetim ve yönetişim anlayışlarında bürokrasiye alternatif arayışlarını sürekli artırmaktadır. Bu süreçte gündeme gelen yeni kamu yönetimi anlayışının özellikle müşteri odaklılık ve kamu değeri üreteme alanlarında yetersiz kalması, son yıllarda yeni kamu hizmeti ve kamu değeri yönetimi anlayışlarının ilgi görmesini sağlamıştır. Kamu hizmetlerinin sunumunda performansın ölçülmesi, teknolojinin kullanımı, işbirliği süreçleri, yenilikçilik, süreçlere vatandaş katılımı gibi beklentilere cevap vereceği düşünülen bu yeni anlayışların, yakın dönemde özellikle bürokrasinin insan odaklı hümonokrasiye dönüşmesiyle çok daha olumlu sonuçlar doğuracağı öngörülmektedir. Bu ortamda kamu hizmetleri sunum sürecinde arzu edilen kamu değerinin yaratılabilmesi için; müşteri yerine vatandaş odaklılığın ön plana çıkarılması, kamu hizmetlerinin verimli bir şekilde sunulmasıyla kaynakların daha etkin kullanımı, kamu hizmetlerinin daha yenilikçi yaklaşımlarla tasarlanması ve teknolojik imkanlardan yararlanılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bunlar sağlandıktan sonra dijital çağın hızına ve karmaşıklığına uyum sağlayamayan bürokrasinin yerine hiyerarşiyi azaltmak, gücü dağıtmak, işbirliğini ve iletişimi geliştirmek için teknolojiye yönelmek gibi temel stratejiler üzerinden insan odaklı yönetimi öngören hümonokrasiye geçilmesi ve yenilikçi, dirençli ve değişime uyum sağlayabilen yeni örgütler oluşturulması çok daha kolay olacaktır. Çalışmada bu kapsamda önce kamu hizmeti ve yeni kamu hizmeti gibi hususlara değinilecek, ardından kamu değeri yaratma süreci, işbirlikçi yönetişim mantığıyla analiz edilecektir. Davranışsal kamu yönetiminin, sürekli eleştirilen bürokrasiyi hümonokrasiye dönüştürerek, hizmet ekosistemlerinde kamu hizmeti sunum sürecinin nasıl daha etkin ve verimli hale getirilebileceği sorgulanacaktır.

Keywords

Kamu Hizmeti Ekosistem Kamu Değeri Bürokrasi Hümonokrasi

References

  • Agranoff, R. and Michael M. (2003). Collaborative public management: New strategies for local government. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
  • Ahmadi, Mohammad and Pourazimi, M. (2021). An analytical study of the behav- ioral public administration. Development Asian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8(1), 38-45.
  • Ansell, C., and Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 8, 543-571. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
  • Ayhan, E. ve Önder, M. (2017). Yeni kamu hizmeti yaklaşımı: Yönetişime açılan bir kapı. Gazi İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi (Gazi Journal of Economics and Business),3(2), 19-48.
  • Batory, A. and Svensson, S. (2019). The fuzzy concept of collaborative governance: A systematic review of the state of the art. Central European Journal of Public Policy, 13(2), 28-39. https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2019-0008.
  • Bertelli, A. M. and Riccucci, N. M. (2022). What is behavioral public administra- tion good for? Public Administration Review 82(1), 179-183, DOI:10.1111/ puar.13283.
  • Bhanot, S. P. and Linos, E. (2019). Behavioral public administration: Past, present, and Future. Public Administration Review, 80(9), 1-4, DOI:10.1111/ puar.13129.
  • Bransah, W. (2020). Behavioral systems and structural functional approach to public administration. Scholarly Journal of Arts & Humanities, 2(3), 7-13.
  • Carrigan, C., Pandey, S. K. and Gregg, R. G. (2020). Pursuing consilience: Using be- havioral public administration to connect research on bureaucratic red tape, administrative burden, and regulation. Public Administration Review, 80(1), s.46-52, https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13143.
  • Denhardt, R. B. ve Denhardt, J. V. (2000). The new public service: Serving rather than steering. Public Administration Review, 60(6), 549-55.
  • Denhardt, R. B. and Denhardt, J. V. (2007). The new public service: Expanded edition serving, not steering. M.E. Sharpe, USA: Armonk.
  • Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T. and Balogh, S. (2011). An integrative framework for col- laborative governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22, 1-29.
  • George, B. (2020). Behavioral public strategy. Behavioural Public Policy, 1-15, Doi:10.1017/bpp.2020.30.
  • Gofen, A. , Moseley, A., Thomann, E. and Weaver, R. K. (2021). Behavioural governance in the policy process: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(5), 633-657, Doi: 10.1080/13501763. 2021.1912153.
  • Grimmelikhuijsen, S., Jilke, S. , Olsen, A. L. and Tummers, L. (2017). Behavioral public administration: Combining insights from public administration and psychol- ogy. Public Administration Review, 77(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/ puar.12609.
  • Hamel, G. and Michele, Z. (2008). Humanocracy: Creating organizations as amazing as the people inside them. Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Business Review Press, 978-1-63369-602-0.
  • Haraldsen, S. (2020). Public value and inclusive citizenship, Public value management, Institutional design and decision for the common good, Edited by Rick Wylie, England: Policy Network, 49-58.
  • Humphreys, P. C. (1998). Improving public service delivery, Discussion Paper 7, Committee for Public Management Research, Ireland: Institute of Public Administration.
  • Kelly, G., Mulgan, G. and Muers, S. (2002). Creating public value- An analytical frame- work for public service reform. Cabinet Office Strategy Unit, UK, October, 1-135.
  • Koçak, D. ve Özer, M. A. (2021). Comparing the quality of governance across the European Union member countries: A grey relational analysis approach, Policy Studies, (1-22), DOI: 10.1080/01442872.2021.1994135.
  • Lima, V. (2021), Collaborative governance for sustainable development, W. Leal Filho et al. (Eds.), Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 Goals, https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71066-2_2-1.
  • MacCarthaigh, M. (2008). Public service values, CPMR Discussion Paper 39, Ireland: Institute of Public Administration 1-85.
  • Martín-López, B., Gómez-Baggethun, E., González, J. A., Lomas P. L. and Montes, C. (2009). The assessment of ecosystem services provided by biodiversity: Re- Thinking concepts and research needs, Chapter 9, In: Handbook of Nature Conservation Editor: Jason B. Aronoff, 1-22, Spain: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
  • Mazzucato, M. and Ryan-Collins, J. (2019). Putting value creation back into ‘public value’: From market fixing to market shaping. UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, Working Paper Series (IIPP WP 2019-05). https://www.ucl. ac.uk/bartlett/public-purpose/wp2019-05.
  • Nasi, G. and Osborne, S. P. (2023). Theory to practice. Value creation in public services, https://www.sdabocconi.it/en/sda-bocconi-insight/theory-to-practice/gov- ernment/value-creation-in-public-services (10.03.2023).
  • Noh, Abdillah and Yashaiya, N. (2019). Examining the collaborative process: Collaborative governance in Malaysia. Halduskultuur: The Estonian Journal of Administrative Culture and Digital Governance 20(1), 46-64.
  • O’Flynn, J. (2007). From new public management to public value: Paradigmatic change and managerial implications. The Australian Journal of Public Administration, 66(3), 353–366. Doi:10.1111/j.1467-8500.2007.00545.
  • OECD (2017). The principles of public administration-2017 edition, Paris: OECD Sigma. OECD (2019). Public value in public service transformation, working with change, Paris: OECD Publishing, 1-158, https://doi.org/10.1787/47c17892-en. Ojasalo, J. and Kauppinen, S. (2022). Public value in public service ecosystems, Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, DOI: 10.1080/10495142.2022.2133063.
  • Özer, M. A. (2021). Yeni kamu yönetimi, 4. Baskı, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Özer, M. A. (2023). Bürokrasiye karşı hümanokrasi: İnsan odaklı örgütlenmenin DNA’sı, Kamu Yönetiminde Yeni Yönelimler, Ed. M.A. Özer, 1-59, Bursa: Ekin Yay.
  • Özer, M.A. ve İrdem, İ. (2020). Bürokrasi ve ötesi. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Özer, M.A., Yaylı, H., Akçakaya, M. ve Batmaz, N.Y. (2017). Kamu yönetimi klasik. 2. Baskı, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Özer, M.A., Yaylı, H., Akçakaya, M. Ve Batmaz, N.Y. (2019). Kamu yönetimi modern, 2. Baskı, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Osborne, S.P., Powell, M., Cui, T. And Strokosch, K. (2022). Value creation in the public service ecosystem: An integrative framework. Public Admin Review, 82, 634- 645. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13474.
  • Panagiotopoulos, P., Klievink, B. ve Cordella, A. (2019). Public value creation in digital government. Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), 101421, https://doi. org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.101421.
  • Robinson, M. (2015). From old public administration to the new public service implica- tions for public sector reform in developing countries. Global Centre for Public Service Excellence, Singapore: GCPSE-UNDP, 1-20. Santillan, F. J. (2018). Public value, governance and third way. Convergencia 25(78), 175-193. https://doi.org/0.29101/crcs.v25i78.10373.
  • Sedlačko, M. (2020). The five tasks of public value management: Public value as a pro- gramme of administrative and societal democratisation. The NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy, 13(2), Winter, 161-180.
  • Shittu, A. K. (2020). Public service and service delivery. A. Farazmand (ed.), Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816- 5_4005-1.
  • Spicker, P. (2009). The nature of a public service. International Journal of Public Administration, 32 (11), 970-991.
  • Stoker, G. (2006). Public value management: A new narrative for networked gover- nance? The American Review of Public Administration, 36(1), 41–57. https:// doi.org/10.1177/0275074005282583.
  • Tomo, A., Mangia, G., Hinna, A. And Pellegrini, M. M. (2020). Making collaborative gov- ernance effective: A case study on the pathway to successful public-private interactions. International Journal of Public Sector Performance Management, 6(1) DOI:10.1504/IJPSPM.2018.10013703
  • Tortop, N., Aykaç, B., İsbir, E., Yayman, H. Ve Özer, M. A. (2017). Yönetim bilimi, Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Tummers, L.G. (2019). Behavioral public administration. In Oxford Encyclopaedia of Public Administration, edited by B. Guy Peters and Ian Thynne. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrfore/9780190228637-013. 1443.
  • Turkel, E. ve Turkel, G. (2016). Public value theory: Reconciling public interests. Administrative autonomy and efficiency. Review of Public Administration and Management 4(2), 1-7. Doi:10.4172/2315-7844.1000189.
  • Wanna, J. (2008). Collaborative government: Meanings, dimensions, drivers and outcomes. Collaborative Governance. A new era of public policy in Australia? Edited by Janine O’Flynn and John Wanna ANU E Press, The Australian National University, Australia: Canberra ACT 0200, 3-12.
  • Worsley, A. and Wylie, R. (2020). Public value management and social justice, Public value management, Institutional design and decision for the common good, Edited by Rick Wylie, England: Policy Network, 58-69.
  • Wylie, R. (2020). Public value management, Public value management. Institutional design and decision for the common good, Edited by Rick Wylie, England: Policy Network, 31-48.

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 33, 167 - 205, 15.10.2023

Mehmet Akif Özer

https://doi.org/10.31199/hakisderg.1268693

Abstract

References

  • Agranoff, R. and Michael M. (2003). Collaborative public management: New strategies for local government. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
  • Ahmadi, Mohammad and Pourazimi, M. (2021). An analytical study of the behav- ioral public administration. Development Asian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8(1), 38-45.
  • Ansell, C., and Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 8, 543-571. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
  • Ayhan, E. ve Önder, M. (2017). Yeni kamu hizmeti yaklaşımı: Yönetişime açılan bir kapı. Gazi İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi (Gazi Journal of Economics and Business),3(2), 19-48.
  • Batory, A. and Svensson, S. (2019). The fuzzy concept of collaborative governance: A systematic review of the state of the art. Central European Journal of Public Policy, 13(2), 28-39. https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2019-0008.
  • Bertelli, A. M. and Riccucci, N. M. (2022). What is behavioral public administra- tion good for? Public Administration Review 82(1), 179-183, DOI:10.1111/ puar.13283.
  • Bhanot, S. P. and Linos, E. (2019). Behavioral public administration: Past, present, and Future. Public Administration Review, 80(9), 1-4, DOI:10.1111/ puar.13129.
  • Bransah, W. (2020). Behavioral systems and structural functional approach to public administration. Scholarly Journal of Arts & Humanities, 2(3), 7-13.
  • Carrigan, C., Pandey, S. K. and Gregg, R. G. (2020). Pursuing consilience: Using be- havioral public administration to connect research on bureaucratic red tape, administrative burden, and regulation. Public Administration Review, 80(1), s.46-52, https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13143.
  • Denhardt, R. B. ve Denhardt, J. V. (2000). The new public service: Serving rather than steering. Public Administration Review, 60(6), 549-55.
  • Denhardt, R. B. and Denhardt, J. V. (2007). The new public service: Expanded edition serving, not steering. M.E. Sharpe, USA: Armonk.
  • Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T. and Balogh, S. (2011). An integrative framework for col- laborative governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22, 1-29.
  • George, B. (2020). Behavioral public strategy. Behavioural Public Policy, 1-15, Doi:10.1017/bpp.2020.30.
  • Gofen, A. , Moseley, A., Thomann, E. and Weaver, R. K. (2021). Behavioural governance in the policy process: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(5), 633-657, Doi: 10.1080/13501763. 2021.1912153.
  • Grimmelikhuijsen, S., Jilke, S. , Olsen, A. L. and Tummers, L. (2017). Behavioral public administration: Combining insights from public administration and psychol- ogy. Public Administration Review, 77(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/ puar.12609.
  • Hamel, G. and Michele, Z. (2008). Humanocracy: Creating organizations as amazing as the people inside them. Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Business Review Press, 978-1-63369-602-0.
  • Haraldsen, S. (2020). Public value and inclusive citizenship, Public value management, Institutional design and decision for the common good, Edited by Rick Wylie, England: Policy Network, 49-58.
  • Humphreys, P. C. (1998). Improving public service delivery, Discussion Paper 7, Committee for Public Management Research, Ireland: Institute of Public Administration.
  • Kelly, G., Mulgan, G. and Muers, S. (2002). Creating public value- An analytical frame- work for public service reform. Cabinet Office Strategy Unit, UK, October, 1-135.
  • Koçak, D. ve Özer, M. A. (2021). Comparing the quality of governance across the European Union member countries: A grey relational analysis approach, Policy Studies, (1-22), DOI: 10.1080/01442872.2021.1994135.
  • Lima, V. (2021), Collaborative governance for sustainable development, W. Leal Filho et al. (Eds.), Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 Goals, https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71066-2_2-1.
  • MacCarthaigh, M. (2008). Public service values, CPMR Discussion Paper 39, Ireland: Institute of Public Administration 1-85.
  • Martín-López, B., Gómez-Baggethun, E., González, J. A., Lomas P. L. and Montes, C. (2009). The assessment of ecosystem services provided by biodiversity: Re- Thinking concepts and research needs, Chapter 9, In: Handbook of Nature Conservation Editor: Jason B. Aronoff, 1-22, Spain: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
  • Mazzucato, M. and Ryan-Collins, J. (2019). Putting value creation back into ‘public value’: From market fixing to market shaping. UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, Working Paper Series (IIPP WP 2019-05). https://www.ucl. ac.uk/bartlett/public-purpose/wp2019-05.
  • Nasi, G. and Osborne, S. P. (2023). Theory to practice. Value creation in public services, https://www.sdabocconi.it/en/sda-bocconi-insight/theory-to-practice/gov- ernment/value-creation-in-public-services (10.03.2023).
  • Noh, Abdillah and Yashaiya, N. (2019). Examining the collaborative process: Collaborative governance in Malaysia. Halduskultuur: The Estonian Journal of Administrative Culture and Digital Governance 20(1), 46-64.
  • O’Flynn, J. (2007). From new public management to public value: Paradigmatic change and managerial implications. The Australian Journal of Public Administration, 66(3), 353–366. Doi:10.1111/j.1467-8500.2007.00545.
  • OECD (2017). The principles of public administration-2017 edition, Paris: OECD Sigma. OECD (2019). Public value in public service transformation, working with change, Paris: OECD Publishing, 1-158, https://doi.org/10.1787/47c17892-en. Ojasalo, J. and Kauppinen, S. (2022). Public value in public service ecosystems, Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, DOI: 10.1080/10495142.2022.2133063.
  • Özer, M. A. (2021). Yeni kamu yönetimi, 4. Baskı, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Özer, M. A. (2023). Bürokrasiye karşı hümanokrasi: İnsan odaklı örgütlenmenin DNA’sı, Kamu Yönetiminde Yeni Yönelimler, Ed. M.A. Özer, 1-59, Bursa: Ekin Yay.
  • Özer, M.A. ve İrdem, İ. (2020). Bürokrasi ve ötesi. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Özer, M.A., Yaylı, H., Akçakaya, M. ve Batmaz, N.Y. (2017). Kamu yönetimi klasik. 2. Baskı, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Özer, M.A., Yaylı, H., Akçakaya, M. Ve Batmaz, N.Y. (2019). Kamu yönetimi modern, 2. Baskı, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Osborne, S.P., Powell, M., Cui, T. And Strokosch, K. (2022). Value creation in the public service ecosystem: An integrative framework. Public Admin Review, 82, 634- 645. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13474.
  • Panagiotopoulos, P., Klievink, B. ve Cordella, A. (2019). Public value creation in digital government. Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), 101421, https://doi. org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.101421.
  • Robinson, M. (2015). From old public administration to the new public service implica- tions for public sector reform in developing countries. Global Centre for Public Service Excellence, Singapore: GCPSE-UNDP, 1-20. Santillan, F. J. (2018). Public value, governance and third way. Convergencia 25(78), 175-193. https://doi.org/0.29101/crcs.v25i78.10373.
  • Sedlačko, M. (2020). The five tasks of public value management: Public value as a pro- gramme of administrative and societal democratisation. The NISPAcee Journal of Public Administration and Policy, 13(2), Winter, 161-180.
  • Shittu, A. K. (2020). Public service and service delivery. A. Farazmand (ed.), Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816- 5_4005-1.
  • Spicker, P. (2009). The nature of a public service. International Journal of Public Administration, 32 (11), 970-991.
  • Stoker, G. (2006). Public value management: A new narrative for networked gover- nance? The American Review of Public Administration, 36(1), 41–57. https:// doi.org/10.1177/0275074005282583.
  • Tomo, A., Mangia, G., Hinna, A. And Pellegrini, M. M. (2020). Making collaborative gov- ernance effective: A case study on the pathway to successful public-private interactions. International Journal of Public Sector Performance Management, 6(1) DOI:10.1504/IJPSPM.2018.10013703
  • Tortop, N., Aykaç, B., İsbir, E., Yayman, H. Ve Özer, M. A. (2017). Yönetim bilimi, Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Tummers, L.G. (2019). Behavioral public administration. In Oxford Encyclopaedia of Public Administration, edited by B. Guy Peters and Ian Thynne. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrfore/9780190228637-013. 1443.
  • Turkel, E. ve Turkel, G. (2016). Public value theory: Reconciling public interests. Administrative autonomy and efficiency. Review of Public Administration and Management 4(2), 1-7. Doi:10.4172/2315-7844.1000189.
  • Wanna, J. (2008). Collaborative government: Meanings, dimensions, drivers and outcomes. Collaborative Governance. A new era of public policy in Australia? Edited by Janine O’Flynn and John Wanna ANU E Press, The Australian National University, Australia: Canberra ACT 0200, 3-12.
  • Worsley, A. and Wylie, R. (2020). Public value management and social justice, Public value management, Institutional design and decision for the common good, Edited by Rick Wylie, England: Policy Network, 58-69.
  • Wylie, R. (2020). Public value management, Public value management. Institutional design and decision for the common good, Edited by Rick Wylie, England: Policy Network, 31-48.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Public Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Akif Özer 0000-0003-2220-2271

Publication Date October 15, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 33

Cite

APA Özer, M. A. (2023). KAMU HİZMETİ EKOSİSTEMİNDE DEĞERLERLE YÖNETMEK, BÜROKRASİYİ HÜMONOKRASİYLE YENMEK. Hak İş Uluslararası Emek Ve Toplum Dergisi, 12(33), 167-205. https://doi.org/10.31199/hakisderg.1268693
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