Abstract
References
- REFERANS1 Graff K. (2005). Untersuchungen von Zusammenhängen zwischen morphologischen Merkmalen des Euters, der Eutergesundheit und melktechnischen Parametern bei Tieren der Rasse Deutsches Holstein. Dissertation Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle Wittenberg, Germany.
- REFERANS2 ISO. 2007a. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 5707. Milking machine installations, construction and performance. Geneva. ISO.
- REFERANS3 ISO. 2007b. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 6690. Milking machine installations - mechanical tests. International Organization for Standardization. Geneva. ISO.
- REFERANS4 Mein G A (1992). Action of the cluster during milking . In A. J. Bramley, & F. H. Dodd, Machine Milking and Lactation (S. 435 pp. ). Burlington, VT 05401, USA: Insight Books.
- REFERANS5 Nyhan J F (1968). Effect of vacuum fluctuation on udder disease. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Machine Milking, Shinfield; p. 71–82.
- REFERANS6 O’Callaghan E, O’Shea J, Meaney W J, Crowley C (1976). Effect of milking machine vacuum fluctuations and liner slip on bovine mastitis infectivity. Irish Journal of Agricultural Research 15(3):401–418.
- REFERANS7 Ordolff D (1991). Melkzeuge und deren Eigenschaften aus der Sicht der Praxis. Milchpraxis 29 (2): 216-220.
- REFERANS8 O’Shea J, O’Callaghan E, Meaney W J, Crowley C (1976). Effect of combinations of large and small irregular and cyclic vacuum fluctuations in the milking machine on the rate of new udder infection in dairy cows. Irish Journal of Agricultural Research 15(3):377–399.
- REFERANS9 Rose S, Brunnsch R, Huschke W, Klimetschek H J (2004). Kraftübertragung vom Melkzeug auf die Zitze. High-Tech-Innovationen für Verfahrensketten der Agrarproduktion (36/2014). (B. A. Berichte, Hrsg.) IHK Potsdam.
- REFERANS10 Rose S (2006). Untersuchung mechanischer Belastungen am Euter bei verschiedenen Melksystemen. Forschungsbericht Agrartechnik des Arbeitskreises Forschung und Lehre der Max-Eyth-Gesellschaft Agrartechnik im VDI (VDI-MEG)(436). (H.-U. z. Berlin, Hrsg.) Berlin: Eigenverlag.
- REFERANS11 Thiel C C, Cousins C L, Westgarth D R, Neave F K (1973). The influence of some physical characteristics of milking machine on the rate of new mastitis infections. Journal of Dairy Research 40(1):117–120.
- REFERANS12 Tolle A, Heeschen W, Hamann J (1977). Grundlagen einer systematischen bekämpfung der subklinischen mastitis des rindes. Kieler Milchwirtschaftliche Forschungsberichte (Jg. 29, Nr. 1).
Effects of Different Milk-Tube Guidance Settings and Teat-Cup Types on the Dynamics of Teat-End Vacuum and Vacuum Fluctuations During Machine Milking
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of milk tube guidance setting and teat cup type on the dynamics of teat-end vacuum and vacuum fluctuations in quarter individual milking systems. In order to meet this objective, a series of wet tests was conducted in the laboratory. Different teat cups; AMS, BIO and RVS along with the milk tube guidance settings namely; direct tube, half-half tube and Y-piece tube system with varying tube inside diameters were tested at different water flow rates. The data obtained from the wet-test measurements were used to calculate the teat-end vacuum and vacuum fluctuation at the teat-end in b and d- phase. From the study conducted, it was found that the teat-end vacuum in BIO is always between the range of 32 and 42 kPa as recommended by DIN ISO 5707 (2010a) at any flow rate for all three types of connections. The teat-end vacuum for RVS was between 32-42 kPa range if the flow rate varies between 4 and 6 L min-1 for both, the direct and the half-half connection. The Y-piece connection meets DIN ISO 5707 (2010a) requirements once the flow rate changes between 2 and 6 L min-1. The findings about milk tube inside diameter indicated that the use of 14 or 16 mm milk tube diameter for BIO will provide better teat-end vacuum if the recommended value of 10 mm is used. On the other hand, the use of 16 mm milk tube diameter was found to be appropriate for AMS as recommended by the manufacturer. For the RVS, the appropriate milk tube diameter should be 14 mm when statistical differences in b and d-phase are examined from the point of teat-end vacuum and vacuum fluctuations.
References
- REFERANS1 Graff K. (2005). Untersuchungen von Zusammenhängen zwischen morphologischen Merkmalen des Euters, der Eutergesundheit und melktechnischen Parametern bei Tieren der Rasse Deutsches Holstein. Dissertation Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle Wittenberg, Germany.
- REFERANS2 ISO. 2007a. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 5707. Milking machine installations, construction and performance. Geneva. ISO.
- REFERANS3 ISO. 2007b. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 6690. Milking machine installations - mechanical tests. International Organization for Standardization. Geneva. ISO.
- REFERANS4 Mein G A (1992). Action of the cluster during milking . In A. J. Bramley, & F. H. Dodd, Machine Milking and Lactation (S. 435 pp. ). Burlington, VT 05401, USA: Insight Books.
- REFERANS5 Nyhan J F (1968). Effect of vacuum fluctuation on udder disease. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Machine Milking, Shinfield; p. 71–82.
- REFERANS6 O’Callaghan E, O’Shea J, Meaney W J, Crowley C (1976). Effect of milking machine vacuum fluctuations and liner slip on bovine mastitis infectivity. Irish Journal of Agricultural Research 15(3):401–418.
- REFERANS7 Ordolff D (1991). Melkzeuge und deren Eigenschaften aus der Sicht der Praxis. Milchpraxis 29 (2): 216-220.
- REFERANS8 O’Shea J, O’Callaghan E, Meaney W J, Crowley C (1976). Effect of combinations of large and small irregular and cyclic vacuum fluctuations in the milking machine on the rate of new udder infection in dairy cows. Irish Journal of Agricultural Research 15(3):377–399.
- REFERANS9 Rose S, Brunnsch R, Huschke W, Klimetschek H J (2004). Kraftübertragung vom Melkzeug auf die Zitze. High-Tech-Innovationen für Verfahrensketten der Agrarproduktion (36/2014). (B. A. Berichte, Hrsg.) IHK Potsdam.
- REFERANS10 Rose S (2006). Untersuchung mechanischer Belastungen am Euter bei verschiedenen Melksystemen. Forschungsbericht Agrartechnik des Arbeitskreises Forschung und Lehre der Max-Eyth-Gesellschaft Agrartechnik im VDI (VDI-MEG)(436). (H.-U. z. Berlin, Hrsg.) Berlin: Eigenverlag.
- REFERANS11 Thiel C C, Cousins C L, Westgarth D R, Neave F K (1973). The influence of some physical characteristics of milking machine on the rate of new mastitis infections. Journal of Dairy Research 40(1):117–120.
- REFERANS12 Tolle A, Heeschen W, Hamann J (1977). Grundlagen einer systematischen bekämpfung der subklinischen mastitis des rindes. Kieler Milchwirtschaftliche Forschungsberichte (Jg. 29, Nr. 1).
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Makaleler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | February 25, 2022 |
| Submission Date | June 2, 2020 |
| Acceptance Date | December 7, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 28 Issue: 1 |
Cite
Journal of Agricultural Sciences is published open access journal. All articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).